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Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 11 Pearson Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the primary function of the nervous system?✔✔ To control and coordinate body functions by sending and receiving electrical signals.
Which part of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?✔✔ The central nervous system.
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?✔✔ All the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.
What are the two main types of cells found in nervous tissue?✔✔ Neurons and neuroglia.
What is the function of neurons?✔✔ To transmit electrical impulses throughout the body. 1 / 3
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What is the role of neuroglia?✔✔ To support, protect, and nourish neurons.
What part of the neuron receives incoming signals?✔✔ The dendrites.
What part of the neuron sends signals to other cells?✔✔ The axon.
What is the fatty substance that insulates some axons?✔✔ Myelin.
What is the function of myelin in the nervous system?✔✔ To increase the speed of nerve impulse transmission.
What are the gaps between sections of myelin called?✔✔ Nodes of Ranvier. 2 / 3
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What is the junction where a neuron communicates with another cell?✔✔ A synapse.
What chemical is released at synapses to transmit a signal?✔✔ A neurotransmitter.
What is the term for a nerve signal traveling along an axon?✔✔ An action potential.
What ion rapidly enters the neuron during depolarization?✔✔ Sodium (Na⁺).
What ion exits the neuron during repolarization?✔✔ Potassium (K⁺).
What restores the original ion balance after an action potential?✔✔ The sodium-potassium pump.
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