CMMB 343 Final exam Questions and Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass (Latest 2025) Adult human contains roughly how many human cells? - Correct Answers ✅10^13 The ORF in the microbiome outnumber the ORF in our
genome by what ratio? - Correct Answers ✅150:1
A majority of human microbiota live in what part of our body?
- Correct Answers ✅95% live in the gastrointestinal tract
- e.g skin microbiota
Different microhabitats support different microbes, explain 2 ways how these habitats due that - Correct Answers ✅- they vary in environmental characteristics -each microhabitat is not homologous meaning they can fit for a multitude of different species A microbiota is ______ and describes what (with an e.g) - Correct Answers ✅-specific -all the microbes in a microhabitat
A microbiome is the _______ (with an example) - Correct Answers ✅-the "whole thing" or the entire collection of microbiota within an organism -human microbiome 1 / 4
CMMB 343 Final exam Questions and Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass (Latest 2025) the gastrointestinal tract is dominated by/split by what type of cells? What dominates the rest of the human microbiome?
- Correct Answers ✅-gram negative bacteria (closer to
50:50 though with gram +)
-gram positive dominates the rest of teh human microbiome
T or F: Each microbiota is unique - Correct Answers ✅T
Why is the acquisition, composition, and maintenance of microbiota essential? (What does it influence?) - Correct Answers ✅Influences development and health Research on the human microbiome is focused on identifying what 3 things? - Correct Answers ✅-identifying the organism in each microbiota by comparing a small subunit of ribosome -identifying which organisms is important for health and development -finding different ways how we can manipulate our microbiome so it can help us when we are sick The GI microbiota gets increasingly anaerobic/anaerobic and _____ as we travel from the stomach to the large intestine - Correct Answers ✅-anaerobic 2 / 4
CMMB 343 Final exam Questions and Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass (Latest 2025) -more neutral (goes from a low pH to pH 7) What do facultative organisms do? What other organism does this? What is the purpose of their function? - Correct Answers ✅-removes O2 in the GI tract -colonocytes can also do this -they remove O2 from the GI tract as we go from the stomach to the large intestine. Since many of these organisms reside in the more favorable neutral pH of the large intestine, it means more O2 is taken up their resulting in a more anoxic environment leading to more anaerobic organisms Bacteroidetes are gram +/-, firmicutes are gram +/- ? - Correct Answers ✅B= gram - F= gram + What is the pH of the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine? - Correct Answers ✅Stomach=pH 2 Small intestine= pH 4-5 Large intestine= pH 7 The more neutral the pH and the more anaerobic the environment is, the more/less diversity in organisms. - Correct Answers ✅more diversity in organisms 3 / 4
CMMB 343 Final exam Questions and Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass (Latest 2025) What do Bacteroidetes and firmicutes help us with? With examples - Correct Answers ✅Digestion of complex carbs such as -cellulose, chitin, resistant starches What are four ways in how the relationship between microbiota and humans are mutualistic (beneficial to both parties)? [With examples if possible] - Correct Answers ✅- microbiotas help in the biosynthesis of essential compounds by creating vitamins and amino acids (e.coli makes vitamin K) -Chemical modification by altering bio-acids (bile acid metabolism)
-microbial warfare: one species of bacteria attack another
that is harming us (bactonics and lantobiotics are fighting for us )
-immune system development: trains our immune system to
recognize normal from potentially pathogenic T or F: the human fetus is not sterile - Correct Answers ✅F: It is sterile and is the only time we ever are sterile When does colonization begin in the human body? - Correct Answers ✅it begins during and immediately following, birth via contact with skin and feeding
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