CPDT-KA Questions with Complete Solutions 2023/2024 Operant Conditioning - Skinner - Correct Answer learned by association -works with VOLUNTARY behaviors - applying reinforcement or punishment AFTER the behavior Creator of this method considered a "reinforcer" something that made a behavior occur more frequently. If there was no change in the behavior, it wasn't a reinforcement.
Formula:
Discriminative Stimulus (your command)-Response-Consequence Classical Conditioning - Pavlov - Correct Answer Learned association between 2 events: 1 event is neutral and 1 event elicits an unconditioned response. Works with INVOLUNTARY/automatic behaviors (like drooling) and placing a neutral sign (like ringing a bell) BEFORE it.Learning - Correct Answer a change in behavior that lasts for a long time Performance - Correct Answer the doing of a behavior, doesn't mean that something was learned Discriminative Stimulus - Correct Answer Your command Temporary Criteria - Correct Answer the beginning steps of an exercise towards performing a command that is new to the dog Reward Based Training - Correct Answer uses positive reinforcement (rewards) and negative punishment (removing something the dog likes - i.e. your attention) Primary Reinforcer - Correct Answer food, water, anything dog needs for survival. Food activates parasympathetic nervous system, can calm dog, make him less fearful, & result in training process being enjoyable Secondary Reinforcer aka Conditioned Reinforcer - Correct Answer Clicker, saying "yes", . . . marks a behavior as rewardable and promises reward in near future.Rewards such as tennis balls, petting, clapping, tug- dog is conditioned to like them.
ALL OF THESE ARE LEARNED THROUGH CLASSICAL CONDITIONING.
Tertiary Reinforcer - Correct Answer cues the dog knows and enjoys doing. the doing is the reinforcer One of the most important points about reinforcement - Correct Answer Do not feed or reinforce unwanted behaviors during training Shaping - Correct Answer rewards dog for successive approximations of the behavior 1 / 2
Luring - Correct Answer lead the dog into the behavior by tempting with a treat Prompting - Correct Answer Much like luring only the animal can't see the treat Chaining - Correct Answer method of teaching a complex sequence of behaviors. each behavior signals the other behavior that eventually signals a reward. Doing this from the last step to the first step is usually the most efficient way - with the last behavior trained first, followed by a reward. Then teach the behavior that will preceed that one, etc, etc.Free Shaping - Correct Answer No instruction, cues or input is given, except for the clicker.Stimulus Control - Correct Answer how a dog responds to cue
Under stimulus control - Correct Answer when dog does not:
- refuse to give behavior when cued to do so
- give a different behavior on the cue
- / 2
2.give the behavior if not cued to do so 3.give the behavior for a different cue
Superstitious Behavior - Correct Answer some irrelevant behavior that the dog performs along with the desired one thinking that it's required to earn the reward. Usually the result of an accidental reinforcement VSR - Correct Answer Variable Schedules of Reinforcement - for fluency Differential Reinforcement - Correct Answer A type of VSR where we look for the best examples of the behavior to reward & ignore other offers Limited Hold - Correct Answer (VSR) Reward is available only for a certain length of time. It rewards the SPEED of response.Operant conditioning - Correct Answer Majority of dog training is this type Habituation - Correct Answer A decrease in the strength of a naturally elicited behavior that occurs through repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus.The reason for varying rewards - Correct Answer Because dogs can habituate to rewards resulting in slower, less vigorous responses Sensitization - Correct Answer reaction to a stimulus becomes even stronger when the stimulus is being shown repeatedly CER Conditioned Emotional Response - Correct Answer i.e. dog rides in car, hears backfire, now associates ride in car with loud scary noises and doesn't want to ride in cars. Very resistant to extinction