Critical Care Final Exam And Quiz Questions And Answers With Complete Solution.
Immediately following placement of an endotracheal tube, correct position of the tube can
be confirmed by:
- arterial blood gases
- a cuff pressure manometer
- an end-tidal CO2 detector
- observation of suctioned secretions - C. an end-tidal CO2 detector
The following intervention(s) can decrease the incidence of pneumonia in patients with
endotracheal tubes in place:
- brush teeth with a soft brush
- brush tongue and gums with a foam swab
- suction oropharynx above the tube cuff
- all of the above - D. all of the above
Complications of endotracheal intubation include all the following except:
- pulmonary edema
- vomiting and aspiration
- trauma to the oropharynx
- hypoxemia - A. pulmonary edema
One common indication that an intubated patient needs suctioning is:
- decreased level of consciousness
- gastric distention
- coughing
- high pO2 levels - C. coughing
When suctioning an endotracheal tube, measures are taken to prevent the following
complication:
- hypercapnea
- hypoxemia
- pneumothorax
- hemothorax - B. hypoxemia
The ventilator mode that delivers a preset pressure to augment the patient's own
respiratory efforts is:
- pressure-support ventilation (PSV)
- continuous mandatory ventilation (CMV)
- intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV)
- high frequency ventilation (HFV) - A. pressure-support ventilation (PSV) 1 / 2
One of the evidence-based interventions used to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia
is:
- injecting saline into the tube when suctioning
- changing the ventilator tubing every day
- hyper-inflating the lungs once an hour
- elevating the head of the bed 30 degrees or more - D. elevating the head of the bed 30
degrees or more
All ofthe following parameters indicate a patient is ready to be weaned from the ventilator
except:
- adequate tidal volume measurements
- stable hemodynamics
- spontaneous breathing effort
- decreased level of consciousness - D. decreased level of consciousness
During weaning from the ventilator, important nursing interventions include all the
following except:
- assess patient for hypoxia
- administer ample pharmacologic sedation
- communicate progress to the patient
- monitor patient for respiratory muscle fatigue (e.g. increased respiratory rate or
decreased tidal volume) - B. administer ample pharmacologic sedation
Key outcomes of the ABCDE Bundle include all of the following except:
- decreased incidence of delirium
- decreased muscle weakness
- decreased malnutrition
- decreased time on the ventilator - C. decreased malnutrition
A young man has been hit in the head with a baseball. The mechanism of injury here is best
described as:
- accidental trauma
- penetrating trauma
- blunt trauma
- preventable trauma - C. blunt trauma
The primary survey of a trauma patient begins with assessment of the following:
- level of consciousness
- sites of obvious bleeding
- body temperature
- airway and breathing - D. airway and breathing
In patients with a traumatic brain injury, secondary injury often leads to the following
major complication:
- cerebral edema
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