CSO Exam 2 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

CSO Exam 2 Study Guide with Complete Solutions 2024 cancer cachexia - Correct Answer per sample test question:temporal wasting, depleted fat stores, profound anorexia Multifactorial syndrome characterized by ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass, anorexia, early satiety, wt loss, anemia, edema, fatigue, possible metabolic alterations, increased inflammatory markers and progressive functional impairment.Pathophysiology characterized by negative protein energy balance driven by variable combination of reduced food intake and abnormal metabolism cytokines - Correct Answer protein mediators produced by inflammatory cells in response to exogenous stimuli, produce metabolic changes & wasting graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) - Correct Answer a disease caused by the immune response of histoincompatible, immunocompetent donor cells against the tissues of an immunoincompetent host; an immuniologic reaction of allogeneic donor cells (graft) reacting against the pt (host) tissues evidenced by icterus & abnormal liver functions, severe /secretory diarrhea - may need total bowel rest --> isomotic, low residue, lactose-free diet --> solids with low lactose, fiber, fat & acideity, gastric irritants --> regular diet

• usually 3 onths after transplant (but may be 7-10 days post)

GVHD - Correct Answer a disease caused by the immune response of histoincompatible, immunocompetent donor cells against the tissues of an immunoincompetent host; an immuniologic reaction of allogeneic donor cells (graft) reacting against the pt (host) tissues evidenced by icterus & abnormal liver functions, severe /secretory diarrhea - may need total bowel rest --> isomotic, low residue, lactose-free diet --> solids with low lactose, fiber, fat & acideity, gastric irritants --> regular diet

• usually 3 onths after transplant (but may be 7-10 days post)

neutropenia - Correct Answer a reduction of WBC (neutrophils) that can be caused by chemo or XRT, results in increased susceptibility to life-threatening infections pancytopenia - Correct Answer a reduction in all cellular elements of the blood 1 / 4

progression - Correct Answer the phase in which tumor cells aggregate, grow autonomously and form benign tumors that eventually lead to malignant phenotype with the capacity for tissue invasion & mets Xerostomia - Correct Answer mouth dryness Halal diet - Correct Answer Muslim/Islamic law.Fasting common Women have decreased sun exposure 2/2 coverings

forbidden: pork, pork products, gelatin, ETOH (including extracts)

Halal diet - Correct Answer Muslim/Islamic law.Fasting common Women have decreased sun exposure 2/2 coverings

forbidden: pork, pork products, gelatin, ETOH (including extracts)

Macrobiotic diet - Correct Answer Avoid animal products including dairy, eggs, coffee, sugar, poultry, and processed foods.No "nightshade vegetables" including potato, peppers and eggplant Diet may be deficient in protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and calcium 50-60% from whole grains, 25-30% from veg, remaining from beans, seaweed, soups

Seventh-Day Adventist: - Correct Answer Lacto-ovo vegetarian diet

Avoid overeating snacking discouraged strong seasonings avoided

Avoid: beef, lamb, pork, chicken, seafood, coffee, tea and alcohol

Diet may be deficient in protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and calcium cultural-The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter -Day Saints (Mormons) - Correct Answer forbidden: ETOH, hot drinks (coffee-tea), caffeine 2 / 4

church encouraged limited meat consumption and to eat mostly grains some fast 1 day per month and donate food money to the poor nausea and vomiting - anticipatory - Correct Answer occurs prior to the beginning of a new cycle of chemotherapy. This occurs after the patient has experienced N&V from an earlier chemotherapy treatment.nausea and vomiting-acute - Correct Answer occurs during the first 24-hours after chemotherapy.nausea and vomiting- delayed - Correct Answer occurs more than 24 hours after chemotherapy.Patients at highest risk for delayed N&V include those receiving cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, doxorubicin and ifosfamide.Chemotherapy agents are categorized according to their potential to induce nausea & vomiting. - Correct Answer High risk >90% Moderate risk 30-90% Low risk 10-30% Minimal risk <10%

chemo - Highly emetogenic: CCCMD - Correct Answer Cisplatin

Mechlorethamine Cyclophosphamide >1500mg/m2 Carmustine Dacarbazine

chemo - Moderate emetogenic: CCDDEIIIO - Correct Answer Oxaliplatin

Cytarabine >1gm/m2 Carboplatin Ifosfamide Cyclophosphamide <1500mg/m2 Doxorubicin Daunorubicin Epirubicin 3 / 4

Idarubicin Irinotecan

chemo - Low emetogenic:CDEGMMPT - Correct Answer Paclitaxel

Docetaxel Topotecan Etoposide Methotrexate Mitomycin Gemcitabine Cytarabine

chemo - Minimal emetogenic: BBBFVVV - Correct Answer Bleomycin

Busulfan Fludarabine Vinblastine Vincristine Vinorelbine Bevacizumab antiemetics, guideline for use: - Correct Answer An antiemetic regimen administered before chemotherapy is recommended to prevent acute nausea and vomiting. This three-drug combination is recommended by ASCO (American Society of Clinical Oncology) for highly emetogenic

chemotherapy medications:

• Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (Ondansetron, dolasetron, granisetron, palonosetron)
• Dexamethasone (corticosteroid)
• Aprepitant (NK1 receptor antagonist)

antiemetics-5-HT3 serotonin antagonists dolasetron/anzemet granisetron/kytril

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