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CSTR STUDY GUIDE 2023 - 2024 Questions and Answers (Verified)
1.AIS Components for ISS Scaling-Body Region: 1. Head/Neck
2.Face 3.Chest 4.Abdominal/Pelvic Contents 5.Extremities/Pelvic Girdle Severe 6.External- Skin and Burns
2.The adult skeletal system: 206 bones
3.Skull base fractures: orbital roof, ethmoid, basilar process of
occipital bone, petrous and squamous process of temporal bone (mastoid or petrous)
4.Skull Vault fractures: frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal bones
(specifies squamous)
5.Brain Hematomas: EPH, SAH, SDH, IPH, ICH 1 / 4
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6.uncal herniation, transtentorial: (cerebellum) - code ICD-10 - cord
contusion = AIS code of 140202.5 = 5 squared = 25 ISS score.
7.Meninges: three protective membranes that surround the brain and
spinal cord dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater
8.Intracranial Injuries-Focal injuries: picked up on CT scan. Contusion,
epidur- al hematoma, subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hematoma, intracerebral/intra- parenchymal hemorrhage
9.Intracranial Injuries-Nonfocal Head Injuries: concussions, shear injury,
dif- fuse axonal injury (DAI), anoxic brain injury (ABI) - these go down to the cellular level.
10.Facial Bones: • Orbits
•Nasal bones •Maxillae •Mandible •Palatine •Vomer 11.Facial Mechanisms of Injury: deep lacerations, deformity, difficulty 2 / 4
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speaking, visual changes, entrapment of muscles, rhinorrhea, otorrhea, trismus
12.Facial Diagnostics and Procedures: CT scan, MRI scan, X rays,
ORIF, Enucleation or removal of the eyeball.
13.Neck Injury Indicators: • Bleeding
•Stridor •Difficulty Breathing 3 / 4
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•Bruising to the Neck •Deviated Trachea •Subcutaneous emphysema
•Zones of the Neck:
- Angle of the mandible to base of the skull 2. Cricothyroid Cartilage
14.Neck Trauma procedures: • Cricothyroidotomy - needle through a
catheter •Tracheostomy - done when a patient is stabilized •Neck Exploration •Intubation
15.Vertebral Column Dislocation: • Ligamentous injuries - ligaments'
purpose is to keep spine aligned.•Dislocations - unilateral facet, bilateral facet •Subluxation- partial dislocation Vertebral Column Fractures - •Simple •% compression or wedge
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