CYSE 445 Final
Which of the following is not a mechanism of attack according to the CAPEC Mechanism of Attack hierarchy of attack patterns?
A.Engage in Deceptive Interactions, such as spoofing B.Abuse Existing Functionality, such as flooding C.Inject Unexpected Items, such as code injection D.Reverse Engineering in the Physical Security Domain of Attack - CORRECT ANSWER - D.Reverse Engineering in the Physical Security Domain of Attack
According to CAPEC, firmly grasping the attacker's perspective and approaches used to exploit software systems is necessary to enhance security throughout the software development lifecycle.
True or False - CORRECT ANSWER -True
According to CAPEC, to identify and mitigate relevant vulnerabilities in software, the development community only needs good software engineering and analytical practices, a solid grasp of software security features, and a powerful set of tools.
True or False - CORRECT ANSWER -False
According to CAPEC, what is the typical severity of HTTP Response Splitting?
A.CAPEC does not provide a severity B.High C.Low D.Medium - CORRECT ANSWER -B.High
OWASP 1 / 2
Injection - CORRECT ANSWER -These occur when untrusted data is sent to an interpreter as part of a command or query. The attacker's hostile data can trick the interpreter into executing unintended commands or accessing data without proper authorization. Examples of this risk can occur in SQL, NoSQL, and LDAP.
Broken Authentication - CORRECT ANSWER -Application functions related to authentication and session management are often implemented incorrectly, allowing attackers to compromise passwords, keys, or session tokens, or to exploit other implementation flaws to assume other users' identities temporarily or permanently.
Sensitive data exposure - CORRECT ANSWER -Many web applications and APIs do not properly protect sensitive data, such as financial, healthcare, and PII. Attackers may steal or modify such weakly protected data to conduct credit card fraud, identity theft, or other crimes. Sensitive data may be compromised without extra protection, such as encryption at rest or in transit, and requires special precautions when exchanged with the browser.
XML External Entities - CORRECT ANSWER -Many older or poorly configured XML processors evaluate external entity references within XML documents. External entities can be used to disclose internal files using the file URI handler, internal file shares, internal port scanning, remote code execution, and denial of service attacks
Broken Access Control - CORRECT ANSWER -Restrictions on what authenticated users are allowed to do are often not properly enforced. Attackers can exploit these flaws to access unauthorized functionality and/or data, such as access other users' accounts, view sensitive files, modify other users' data, change access rights, etc.
Security Misconfiguration - CORRECT ANSWER -This is the most commonly seen issue. This is commonly a result of insecure default configurations, incomplete or ad hoc configurations, open cloud storage, misconfigured HTTP headers, and verbose error messages containing sensitive information. Not only must all operating systems, frameworks, libraries, and applications be securely configured, but they must be patched and upgraded in a timely fashion.
Cross-Site Scripting - CORRECT ANSWER -Flaws occur whenever an application includes untrusted data in a new web page without proper validation or escaping, or updates an existing web page with user-supplied data using a browser API that can create HTML or JavaScript. This allows attackers to execute scripts in the victim's browser which can hijack user sessions, deface web sites, or redirect the user to malicious sites.
Insecure Deserialization - CORRECT ANSWER -Often leads to remote code execution.Even if deserialization flaws do not result in remote code execution, they can be used to perform attacks, including replay attacks, injection attacks, and privilege escalation attacks.
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