NUR 201 Liver
- Cirrhosis
Answer Extensive, irreversible scarring of liver, usually caused by a chronic reaction to hepatic inflammation and necrosis. The disease typically develops slowly and has progressive, prolonged, destructive course resulting in end-stage liver disease.
- Compensated
Answer liver is scarred but can still function
- Decompensated
Answer start showing signs of liver failure
- Physical Assessment for Cirrohsis
Answer -Fatigue
-Significant change in weight -GI symptoms, such as anorexia and vomiting -Abdominal pain and liver tenderness (both of which may be ignored by the patient) -Usually advanced cirrhosis ("end-stage liver disease") causes the patient to seek medical treatment (GI bleeding, jaundice, ascites, and spontaneous bruising)
- Clinical manifestations or Cirrohis
Answer -Obvious yellowing of the skin (jaundice) and sclerae (icterus) -Dry skin -Rashes -Purpuric lesions, such as petechiae (round, pinpoint, red-purple lesions) or ecchymosis (large purple, blue, or yellow bruises) 1 / 2
-Warm and bright red palms of the hands (palmar erythema) -Vascular lesions with a red center and radiating branches, known as "spider angiomas", on the nose, cheeks, upper thorax, and shoulders -Ascites -Peripheral dependent edema of the extremities and sacrum -Sicca syndrome (patients with biliary cirrhosis) -Osteoporosis -Vitamin deficient (especially fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K)--
- Complications of Cirrhosis
Answer Portal hypertension, Splenomegaly, Ascites, Esophageal Varices, Coagulation defects, Jaundice
- Clinical manifestations of Cirrhosis
Answer -Fever
-Chills -Abdominal pain and tenderness
- Nursing Interventions of Cirrhosis
Answer -Monitor intake and output
-Monitor respiratory rate and effort -Semi-fowler's position -Auscultate breath sounds -Manage pain
- Portal hypertension
- / 2
Answer a persistent increase in pressure within the portal vein greater than 5 mm Hg. It is a major complication of cirrhosis.