Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and

Name:Aashka PrajapatiDate:2020-11-27

Student Exploration: Virus Lytic Cycle

Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and prompts in the orange boxes.

Vocabulary: bacteriophage, capsid, host cell, lyse, lytic cycle, virus

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

• A computer virus is a program that can copy itself and infect a computer without the

permission of the owner. How do you think a computer virus compares to a real virus?

• Have you ever been infected with a

virus, such as the cold virus or flu virus?yes, a cold virus

• If so, how did the virus affect you? sore throat, weakness, runny nose.

Gizmo Warm-up A virus is a microscopic particle that can infect a cell. Viruses are primarily composed of a protein coat, called a capsid, and nucleic acid. In the Virus Lytic Cycle Gizmo™, you will learn how a virus infects a cell and uses the cell to produce more viruses.

1.Viruses are extremely small. A typical virus is about 100 times smaller than a single cell, such as a bacterium. Label the virus and a bacterial cell in the image at right.

2.Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. Based on the diagram at left, label the head, tail, tail fibers, and the strand of nucleic acid in the image at right.similar to a computer virus, a real virus also copies the genetic information and corrupts it and sends it to other cells to corrupt those cells as well. 1 / 2

Activity A:

Lytic cycle

Get the Gizmo ready :

●If necessary, click Reset ( ).Introduction: Unlike living organisms, viruses cannot reproduce on their own. Instead, viruses infect host cells, taking over the cell’s machinery to produce more viruses. This process is called the lytic cycle.

Question: What are the steps of the lytic cycle?

1.75.Observe : Use the navigation arrows on the DESCRIPTION tab to read about the stages of the lytic cycle. Using your own words, summarize each step of the cycle.StepSummary 1 a lytic bacteriophage virus attaches itself to the bacterial cell.virus is a simple structure that is composed of a protein capsid, nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) and a tail section ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ the virus capsid and tail detaches from the cell and disintegrates. the viral nucleic acid takes over and directs the production of new virus proteins and nucleic acid.3 special proteins produced by the viral nucleic acid cause the host bacterial cell enter the lytic cycle, which destroys the cell in the process. The numerous new viruses can infect other cells 5 The virus proteins and virus nucleic acid combine together into new viruses.4 The virus injects its nucleic acid into the bacterial cell. The nucleic acid uses the cell’s ribosomes to make virus proteins. The proteins break up the cell’s DNA.

• / 2