EAPS 105 Exam 2 Questions & Answers 2024 Earth's interior temperatures - ANSWER-Inner core (Solid 5000 C), Outer core (liquid 4000-4500 C), Mantle (Solid 3000 C) What are the consequences of a planet/moon being hot inside? - ANSWER-Differentiation, volcanism, plate tectonics, and magnetic fields What is the relationship between heat and the motion in atom? - ANSWER-Heat is a frequency of vibrations in atoms Primordial heating - ANSWER-Accretion and core formation Why is Io hot inside? - ANSWER-Internal sloshing of material by 100m causes friction, which then creates heat Conduction - ANSWER-Heat transfer through a solid that does not readily flow Convection - ANSWER-Heat transfer through fluid motions of liquids and gases, as well as solids that flow like a fluid.Radiation - ANSWER-Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves (infrared light) through a transparent medium Stable atom - ANSWER-The protons in a nucleus, which want to repel each other, are held together by neutrons through what is called the "strong force". When the repulsion forces are balanced by the strong forces, the atom is stable.Unstable atom - ANSWER-Too many or too few neutrons or protons results in a force imbalance 1 / 2
Radioactive decay - ANSWER-Unstable atoms throw off a neutron or a proton to form a stable atom (called the daughter isotope). Te resulting particle motion causes heat Why do smaller planets cool faster than larger ones? - ANSWER-Less primordial heat (smaller core), less radioactive elements to keep them hot, smaller volumes areas can more efficiently get rid of heat How does Earth transfer heat? - ANSWER-In order for heat to get from a planet's interior tot he surface to be radiated away, it does so through a combination of convection and conduction What is Earth's lithosphere? - ANSWER-The cold, strong outer region of a planet or moon that includes the crust and the outermost mantle What are plate tectonics? - ANSWER-The process by which the lithosphere is broken into plates and moves in response to mantle convection Mid-ocean ridges - ANSWER-Underwater ridges where subduction (of crust/lithosphere) and uplift (of the mantle) occur Subduction zones - ANSWER-Area where on tectonic plate slips under another and into the mantle What terrestrial planets currently exhibit tectonic plates? - ANSWER-None of them ( Mercury is a full plate planet and Venus shows no signs of tectonic plates) What are the 3 components necessary for a planet to have a strong magnetic field? - ANSWER-1. An electrical fluid layer 2. The layer must be convecting so that electricity is generated by the motion of the fluid. 3. the planet must have a fast spin so that it can induce any magnetic field What is a magnetosphere? - ANSWER-The region where a planet's magnetic field is the predominant magnetic field Which volcanic settings is found on other terrestrial planets? - ANSWER-hot spots
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