Advanced Lifespan Odyssey for Counseling Professionals 1st Edition Erford Test Bank
TRUE/FALSE
1 : Age is an excellent indicator of developmental status.
A : true
B : false
Correct Answer : B
- : Development in the first few years of life is considered to be the most important.
A : true
B : false
Correct Answer : B
- : Helping professionals should strive to take an emic approach to truly understand the cultural
meaning behind different practices and behaviors.
A : true
B : false
Correct Answer : A
- : Theorists began to view nature and nurture as integrated and mutually influential at the turn
of the 20th century.
A : true
B : false
Correct Answer : B
- : The most recent evidence suggests that the most common and most severe mental
disorders have low to moderate heritability.
A : true
B : false
Correct Answer : B
6 : Family income is strongly inversely related to aggression.
A : true
B : false
Correct Answer : A
- : The three components of Super and Harknesss developmental niche model include physical
and social settings, customs of child-rearing, and caretaker psychology.
A : true
B : false
Correct Answer : A
- : Systems theorists acknowledge the complexity of reciprocal influences in development. 1 / 4
A : true
B : false
Correct Answer : A
- : Questionnaires, checklists, and interviews are all examples of self-report measures.
A : true
B : false
Correct Answer : A
10 : Counselors can balance ethics with experimental rigor by using control groups.
A : true
B : false
Correct Answer : B
MULTIPLE CHOICE
11 : The is not one of the periods most professionals use to characterize
development.
A : prenatal period
B : late childhood
C : late adulthood
D : middle adulthood
Correct Answer : B
12 : Theorists who view development as believe that developmental change is
always occurring at a gradual, steady pace.
A : discontinuous
B : stages
C : continuous
D : multidimensional
Correct Answer : C
13 : The term nature encompasses
A : heredity.
B : universal maturational processes.
C : hormones.
D : All of the above
Correct Answer : D
14 : describes how humans are restricted to a small number of outcomes simply as a function of their genes.
A : Canalization
B : Universal maturational processes
C : Passive genotype-environment correlations
D : Biological aging
Correct Answer : A 2 / 4
15 : Although determine(s) what we are capable of doing,
determine(s) what we actually do.
A : the environment; genes
B : genes; the environment
C : heredity; canalization
D : canalization; heredity
Correct Answer : B
16 : is not one of Scarr and McCartneys gene-environment interactions?
A : Evocative gene-environment correlation
B : Passive gene-environment correlation
C : Active gene-environment correlation
D : Educative gene-environment correlation
Correct Answer : D
17 : The negative effects of not being in a nuclear family are more pronounced for
A : Whites.
B : African Americans.
C : children of lesbian and gay parents.
D : children in poverty.
Correct Answer : A
18 : are the predictable changes that every individual will encounter throughout his or her lifespan.
A : Normative age-graded influences
B : Normative history-graded influences
C : Nonnormative history-graded influences
D : Nonnormative life events
Correct Answer : A
19 : Proponents of believe that a certain limited period of time exists when humans have the maximum opportunity for optimal development given the appropriate environmental inputs.
A : canalization
B : critical periods
C : sensitive periods
D : plasticity
Correct Answer : B
20 : People who believe that humans have little control over the external forces that shape their development would espouse the perspective.
A : qualitative
B : quantitative
C : passive
D : active
Correct Answer : C 3 / 4
21 : Piagets theory of cognitive development provides an excellent illustration of a(n) theory.
A : multidimensional
B : incremental
C : systemic
D : stage
Correct Answer : D
22 : Which of the following is not a limitation of standardized testing?
A : Test scores have been shown to be reliable and valid.
B : Tests are based on the assumption that behavior remains consistent and stable across time.
C : Tests are fairly expensive.
D : Tests are time-consuming to administer.
Correct Answer : A
23 : A researcher who observes children in a classroom during school would be conducting a
A : case study.
B : structured observation.
C : naturalistic observation.
D : anecdotal observation.
Correct Answer : C
24 : observations allow researchers to study rare and unpredictable events?
A : Structured
B : Naturalistic
C : Unstructured
D : None of the above
Correct Answer : A
25 : is probably the best way to obtain data regarding the behavior of a participant with an addiction.
A : Structured observation
B : Self-report
C : Naturalistic observation
D : Experimental method
Correct Answer : C
26 : Which correlation coefficient indicates the strongest relationship between two variables?
A : 0.75
B : 0.20
C : 0.80
D : 0.55
Correct Answer : C
27 : A design is often used to chart developmental trajectories.
A : cross-sectional
B : longitudinal
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