EENT Exam 2 Questions with Complete Solutions URTI - Correct Answer -Viruses -Bacteria -Fungi -Protezoa Rhinitis - Correct Answer -Swelling of nasal mucosa and nasal obstruction Coryza - Correct Answer -Head Cold Conjuncitivitis - Correct Answer -Adenovirus -Streptococcus pneumoniae -Staphylococcus aureus Dysphagia - Correct Answer -Retropharyngeal abscess Odynophagia - Correct Answer -Painful to swallow -Sore throat Common URTI Symptoms and Signs - Correct Answer -Rhinitis -Nasal obstruction -Coryza -Conjunctivitis -Rhinorrhea -Pharyngitis -Tonsillitis -Earache 1 / 3
-Dysphagia -Odynophagia -Cough -Hoarseness -Fever -Fatigue -Malasia -Abdominal pain -Vomiting -Diarrhea -Mouth breathing Bacterial Infection - Correct Answer -Tend to spread -Cause severe complications -Antibiotic treatment still effective -Risk for over-prescription and over-consumption of antibiotic -Restrict use of antibiotics -ONE dominant symptom -Intense erythema (Not always) Viral Infection - Correct Answer -MANY symptoms -Spread in whole URT/pharyngeal mucosa -If a cough Purulent Discharge - Correct Answer -Yellow/green/bronish Exudates on tonsil - Correct Answer Bacterial Infection Secondary *Bacterial* Infection - Correct Answer -Fever spike & new/aggravated symptoms 2 / 3
-Patient gets worse Neutrophilia - Correct Answer -PMNs -Bacterial infection Lymphocytosis - Correct Answer -Viral Infection Increase CRP - Correct Answer -Acute bacterial infection -reacts quickly to infection activity Increase ESR - Correct Answer -Chronic bacterial (or viral) infection (TB, Syphilis, Osteomyelitis) -ESR reacts *slowly* to infectious activity and doesn't add more info than history and clinical picture in cases of infection Rapid Streptococcal Antigen Test - Correct Answer -Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) -Specificity (>95%) -Sensitivity (80-97%, depending on test) -Bacterial cultures (*Golden Standard*) Serologic Tests - Correct Answer -INcrease titers of pathogen-specific antibodies (IgM, IgG) helpful in retrospect, especially for *Viral* or *Recurring* infections Vertigo - Correct Answer -Neurological abnormal findings -*U/L* loss of hearing -*Severe nausea* -Headache -Signs of *increase* ICP Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) - Correct Answer -Patient presents with a *sudden onset* of dizziness due to a particular *head position*
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