ENPC Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions Pediatric triangle - Correct Answer appearance work of breathing circulation to skin General appearance considerations - Correct Answer Tone
Interactiveness: drawn to sounds or people. Wants to play
Consolability Look/Gaze Speech/cry Work of breathing: - Correct Answer Increased work of breathing evidenced by tachypnea, stridor, grunting, retractions, accessory musles, nasal flaring, head bobbing, abnormal positioning Circulation to Skin - Correct Answer Observe palor mottling cyanosis Sick, Sicker, Sickest - Correct Answer Sick: no disruption of any component of PAT but caregivers are concerned
Sicker: one component of PAT is a concern
Sickest 2+ concerns of PAT
- leading causes of altered mental status in kids - Correct Answer hypoxia
hypoglycemia 1 / 3
Blood pressure norms - Correct Answer Hypotension: Less than 70 + (2 x age in years) Widening pulse pressure = increased ICP Narrowing pulse pressure = hypovolemic shock Crying child - Correct Answer Vigorous = good weak = sick high-pitched = increased ICP "Fussiness" = red flag
Respiratory distress indicated by: - Correct Answer increased heart rate
skin color changes incrased work of breathing wheezing diaphoresis abnormal airwa sounds Respiratory failure signs - Correct Answer fatigue and become lethargic hypoxia hypercarbia General airway interventions - Correct Answer Allow child to stay in most comfortable position Give O2 to maintain it above 92% O2 does NOT measure ventilation Croup - Correct Answer 1-3 days of nasal congestion and fever with sudden onset of barky cough
Treatment: dexamethasone and nebulized epi 2 / 3
Discharge Teaching: oral hydration, get child to cool air or steamy bathroom
Asthma interventions - Correct Answer albuterol, duo neb and oral steroid Bronchiolitis/RSV - Correct Answer Assessment: 1-3 days nasal congestion fever, cough, respiratory distress with wheezing and crackles. Dehydration and tachypnea
interventions: nasla suctioning, fluids
sever: heated, high flow nasal cannula O2
Discharge: lasts 2-3 weeks; nasal suctioning; monitor hydration
treating hypoglycemia - Correct Answer obtain glucose for anyone who is not awake and alert treat kids with 2-4ml/kg of D25W When to perform blood glucose test? - Correct Answer When the child is not awake and alert or AMS is suspected Preventing Secondary brain injury in TBI - Correct Answer prevent hypotension and hypoxia cuffed vs uncuffed tube - Correct Answer uncuffed= (age in years/4) + 4 cuffed= (age in years/4) + 3.5
fluid bolus formula - Correct Answer infant: 10ml/kg
kid: 20ml/kg
normal vitals - Correct Answer pg 52
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