Env. Sys. unit 8
___ ozone is bad because it can damage living tissue. - ANS Tropospheric \___ ozone is good because it absorbs harmful UV radiation. - ANS Stratospheric \_____ smog is more common in developing countries. - ANS industrial \About 62% of PM is caused by ___. - ANS natural events \According to the WHO, ___ pollution is the worst type of air pollution globally. - ANS indoor \acid deposition - ANS - the settling out of atmospheric acids onto land \Air pollutants have decreased by _______% from 1980 to 2012 in the United States. -
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\air pollution - ANS chemicals and other substances in the atmosphere at levels that can cause harm to people, other organisms, or ecosystems emissions \All modern cities have some level of _____ smog. - ANS photochemical \All modern cities have some level of _______ smog. - ANS photochemical \anthropogenic - ANS caused by humans \carbon dioxide - ANS fossil fuel combustion land use conversion cement production \catalytic converter - ANS a device in an automobile that reduces pollution emissions \climate change - ANS a long-term change in a region's precipitation and temperature \Describe dry acid deposition. - ANS when acidic particles settle out of the atmosphere onto the land \Describe wet acid deposition. - ANS when acid falls to the earth through precipitation such as rain, sleet, snow, hail, or fog \drought can occur in _______ as moisture is directed away from it by changing wind patterns - ANS Australia \El Niño - ANS a weather phenomenon that involves a change in air pressure, wind patterns, ocean currents, and ocean temperature \El Nino usually cause a decrease in tropical storms and hurricanes in the _______ - ANS Gulf of Mexico \emissions - ANS substances that are discharged into the air particulate mattersecon \gas coming in - ANS remitted heat \gas coming out - ANS reradiated heat \global warming - ANS the rising of the overall global temperature \greenhouse effect - ANS the trapping of heat that reradiates from the surface of the earth \How could added greenhouse gases affect global temperatures? - ANS More gases trap more reradiated heat. The trapping of more heat may lead to an increase in global temperatures.\How do volcanoes affect climate? - ANS Volcanic particles can block out some of the sunlight that reaches the surface of the earth, having a cooling affect. 1 / 2
\How does greenhouse gases affect climate? - ANS Some gases in the atmosphere trap heat. The more greenhouse gases there are, the hotter it gets.\How does ice affect climate? - ANS Ice reflects sunlight due to its high albedo or reflection coefficient. This has an overall cooling effect on global climate.\How does latitude effect climate? - ANS The closer an area is to the equator, the warmer it is, and the farther it is from the equator, the colder it becomes.\How does ocean affect climate? - ANS The ocean stores heat, moves heat through currents, and stores carbon dioxide, keeping things from getting too warm.\How does the sun affect climate? - ANS All weather starts with radiation from the sun entering earth's atmosphere.\How does topography affect climate? - ANS The higher the altitude, the cooler the temperature becomes. Mountain ranges also influence wind patterns and precipitation.\How does vegetation affect climate? - ANS Trees and vegetation keep temperatures lower by taking in carbon dioxide and transpiring water into the atmosphere.\How is climate different than weather? - ANS Climate is measured over a much longer period of time than weather.\In what four ways does the Clean Air Act seek to remove air pollution? - ANS -Limit the number of emissions by both vehicles and industries.-Allow people to sue industries that break the rules.-Set standards for air quality.-Make money available for research into pollution control.\industrial smog - ANS - smog that forms when soot combines with sulfur compounds and water droplets in the air \Is industrial smog more common in developed or developing countries? - ANS developing \Japan - ANS may see an increase in precipitation , storms, and flooding.\List two ways industries can reduce air pollution. - ANS -using scrubbers -increasing height of smokestacks \Methane - ANS fossil fuel deposits, livestock, landfills, and crops such as rice \Muqua is a valley surrounded by two tall canyon walls. On a sunny day in the winter, there is a very cold layer of air on the ground, and there is a high level of smog. This is due to ___. - ANS temperature inversions \Nitrous Oxide - ANS fire - combustion -fertilizer -industrial processes \paleoclimatology - ANS he study of climate throughout all of earth's history \particulate matter - ANS a mixture of very small particles and liquid droplets in the atmosphere pollutant \photochemical smog - ANS smog that forms when ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun reacts with pollutants in the air \pollutant - ANS a harmful chemical in the environment primary pollutant \primary pollution - ANS a chemical that is released directly into the air at a high enough concentration to cause harm secondary pollutant
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