Exam #1 Chambers BIOL 1107 VSU
What are the four elements common to all living organisms? - ANSWER-Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
What is an atom? - ANSWER-smallest unit of matter that retains all chemical properties
What are the subatomic particles of atoms? - ANSWER-protons (1 amu), neutrons (1 amu), electrons (0 amu)
What determines atomic number? - ANSWER-the number of protons and the number of neutrons
What are isotopes? - ANSWER-element with a different number of neutrons
What are radioisotopes? - ANSWER-emits neutrons, protons, and electrons
Know the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning. Be able to identify an example of either kind of reasoning. - ANSWER-inductive- use multiple, related observations to arrive at a general conclusion; I examine 30 species of mammals and observe that all 30 have body hair—I conclude all mammals have hair deductive- use a general principle or law to predict a specific result; I discover a new species of animals in the canopy of the Amazonian rain forest and observe that it has body hair—I conclude that his new animal is a mammal.
Be familiar with the steps of the scientific method as outlined in Figure 5 of chapter 1. - ANSWER-1. make an observation, 2. ask a question, 3. form a hypothesis that answers the question, 4. make a prediction based on the hypothesis, 5. do an experiment to test prediction, 6. analyze results, if hypothesis correct, proceed to 7. report results. if hypothesis incorrect, go back to 3.
Be able to differentiate basic science from applied science - ANSWER-Basic Science seeks to expand knowledge regardless of potential for short term application of that knowledge.Applied Science seeks to use science to solve real world problems of an immediate nature.
Be able to recognize or name the nine characteristics that define life - ANSWER-order, sensitivity, reproduction, adaptation, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, energy processing, evolution.
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Be familiar with the levels of organization in living things - ANSWER-atom, molecule, organelles, cell, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
What does Biology mean? - ANSWER-The study of living organisms, their interactions with other living organisms, and their environment.
What is a hypothesis? - ANSWER-Suggested explanation for an event that can be tested
What distinguishes a subject as a natural science? Be able to recognize a discipline as being one from the natural sciences. - ANSWER-the study of the universe and how it works; astronomy, biology, computer science, geology, logic, physics, chemistry, mathematics
What is the source of the diversity of life? Make sure you understand the purpose of a phylogenetic tree and be able to interpret the tree. - ANSWER-Evolution
What defines something as matter? - ANSWER-occupies space and has mass
what are elements? - ANSWER-unique form of matter that cannot be broken down.each have specific physical and chemical properties.
What subatomic particles are found in the shells around the nucleus of an atom? Why are these important in chemical reactions? - ANSWER-electrons; determine how stable an element is
What is a chemical reaction? Know the terms reactants and products. - ANSWER- chemical reaction is a process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance reactant is a substance used at beginning of reaction product is a substance formed at the end of reaction
What is the difference between a reversible reaction and an irreversible reaction? How can you tell one from the other when you see them written on a page? - ANSWER- reversible is when reactants are converted to products and products can be converted back to reactants (double arrow) irreversible go until the reactant is used up (single arrow)
Which bond is the strongest—down to which bonds are the weakest? - ANSWER- Covalent, Ionic, Hydrogen, Vanderwaals interaction
What are ions, cations, and anions? - ANSWER-ions are where the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons. Cations are more protons, anions are more electrons.
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