Exam 1: NUR2513/ NUR 2513 (Latest
2025/ 2026) Maternal-Child Nursing Exam | Questions and Verified Answers| Graded A - Rasmussen A nurse is assessing a premature infant. What would initially alert the nurse that the infant is having respiratory distress?
- Flaring nostrils
- Sporadic crying
- Ineffective cough
D. Decreased pulse rate - ANSWER ANSWER : A
Rationale:
In attempt to increase intake of oxygen, the respiratory rate increases with flaring of nostrils as a cardinal sign. It is significant to note that when a neonate is in respiratory distress, the rate of respirations will increase. Sporadic crying, ineffective cough, and decreased pulse rate may be indicative of infant distress but are not classic signs of respiratory distress.A newborn infant is diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The nurse is
aware that this is indicative of a defect that:
- typically results in cyanosis
- may result in congestive heart failure
- also causes pulmonary stenosis
D. normally does not close after birth - ANSWER ANSWER : B
Rationale: 1 / 2
Defects that result in increased pulmonary blood flow such as patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and other atrial and ventricular septal defects may cause congestive heart failure. PDA is a vascular connection that during fetal life bypasses the pulmonary vascular bed and directs blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta. Defects that involve decreased pulmonary blood (such as tetralogy of Fallot) or obstruction to blood flow out of the heart (such as pulmonary stenosis) typically result in cyanosis. PDA does not cause pulmonary stenosis. A PDA normally closes soon after birth. If the ductus does remain open after birth, the direction of blood flow in the ductus is reversed by the higher pressure in the aorta, so there may not be any signs of the disorder.Which of the following signs would alert a nurse to withdrawal in the infant of a mother addicted to heroin?
- lethargy and a lack of appetite
- restlessness, irritability, and tremors
- no crying and hypoactive reflexes
D. hyperactive reflexes and diaphoresis - ANSWER ANSWER : B
Rationale:
Heroin does cross the placental barrier; therefore the infant is born addicted to heroin and will display signs of withdrawal such as restlessness, irritability, and tremors. The items listed in ANSWER options A, C, and D are not associated with heroin withdrawal.A neonate weights 8 lb, 1 oz at birth. At age 3 days, the weight has decreased to 7
lb, 12 oz. The nurse should instruct the mother to:
- increase the amount of formula to prevent further dehydration and weight loss
- continue feeding on demand because the noted weight loss is within normal
- give additional feedings because the weight loss indicates inadequate caloric
- switch to a different formula because the current one is inadequate to maintain
limits
intake
weight - ANSWER ANSWER : B
- / 2