N3035- Fluid and Electrolytes (REVISED for final exam)
____ imbalance: neurological symptoms
(ANS - sodium
____ imbalance: cardiac, GI, musculoskeletal system manifestations
(ANS - potassium
the fluids and electrolytes we eat/drink are excreted or reabsorbed through the ____ (ANS - kidneys
____ is kept in the extracellular compartment, while ____ is kept in the intracellular compartment (ANS - sodium, potassium
sodium maintains ___ ___ by regulating water and osmotic pressure
you will always see an imbalance in fluids if there is an imbalance in sodium, and vice versa (ANS - blood volume
sodium maintains proper ____ transmissions for skeletal muscle and brain functioning
if there is a sodium imbalance, symptoms will always affect the brain (ANS - nerve
sodium is needed for the excretion of ___ through the kidneys (ANS - calcium
hypercalcemia standard treatment is to give ___ ___ IV therapy (ANS - normal saline 1 / 3
sodium and ___ are directly related
if one is high/low, the other will be too (ANS - chloride
when you give a large amount of normal saline solution (has good amount of sodium and chloride), you are at risk for giving patients ___ ___ ___, which can lead to kidney injuries if not resolved (ANS - hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
fluid volume overload with _____:
-based on principle that water follows salt
-commonly seen in excessive salt ingestion (ANS - hypernatremia
fluid volume overload with hyponatremia:
-aka _____ hyponatremia
-due to excessive fluids in the body
-dilutes sodium
-seen with conditions such as heart failure or treatment with hypotonic solutions (ANS - dilutional
fluid volume deficit with hypernatremia:
-there is more fluid loss than sodium loss
-also called ____ ____ (ANS - hypertonic dehydration 2 / 3
fluid volume deficit with hyponatremia:
-there is loss of both fluid and sodium
-seen in conditions such as _____ therapy (ANS - diuretic
the body is composed of fluids and particles dissolved or suspended in water; the fluid portion is called a ____ (ANS - solvent
particles dissolved or suspended in water (ANS - solutes
solutes that express an overall electrical charge (ANS - electrolytes
extracellular compartment:
-contains extracellular fluids and ____
-fluid is outside of the cell (___%) (ANS - electrolytes, 40
extracellular fluid (ECF) is divided into ___ ___ and ____ fluid (ANS - blood plasma, interstitial
fluid in between the cells of the body (ANS - interstitial fluid
fluid in the vascular spaces (veins/arteries) (ANS - blood plasma
-contains intracellular fluid and electrolytes
- / 3