FSHN Exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions Latest Updated 2024/2025 nutrients - Correct Answer a substance in food that provides energy and structure to the body and regulates body processes.essential nutrients - Correct Answer a nutrient that must be consumed in the diet because it cannot be made by the body or cannot be made in sufficient quantities to maintain body functions.calories - Correct Answer a unit of measure used to express the amount of energy provided by food.nutrient density - Correct Answer a measure of the nutrients provided by a food relative to its calorie content.fortification - Correct Answer the addition of nutrients to foods.dietary supplements - Correct Answer a product sold to supplement the diet; may include nutrients (vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids) enzymes, herbs, or other substances.phytochemicals - Correct Answer zoo chemicals; a substance found in plant foods that is not an essential nutrient but may have healthy promoting properties.functional foods - Correct Answer a food that has health-promoting properties beyond basic nutritional functions.designer foods/ nutraceuticals - Correct Answer foods fortified with nutrients or enhanced with phytochemicals or other substances are also classified as functional foods. these modified foods have been called designer foods. oatmeal with added soy protein, orange juice with added calcium.macronutrients - Correct Answer carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and water; because they are needed in large amounts.micronutrients - Correct Answer vitamins and minerals; because thy are needed in small amounts.organic compounds - Correct Answer a substance that contains carbon bonded to hydrogen. 1 / 2
carbohydrates - Correct Answer a class of nutrients that includes sugars, starches, and fibers.Chemically, they all contain carbon, along with hydrogen and oxygen, in the same proportions as in water (H2O).fibers - Correct Answer a type of carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by human digestive enzymes.lipid - Correct Answer a class of nutrients that is commonly called fats. Chemically, they contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and most of them do not dissolve in water.cholesterol - Correct Answer a type of lipid that is found in the diet and in the blood. high blood levels increase the risk of heart disease.saturated fats - Correct Answer a type of lipid that is most abundant in solid animal fats and is associated with an increased risk of heart disease.unsaturated fats - Correct Answer a type of lipid that is most abundant in plant oils and is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease.proteins - Correct Answer a class of nutrients that includes molecules made up of one or more intertwining chains of amino acids.amino acids - Correct Answer the building blocks of proteins. each contains an amino group, an acid group, and a unique side chain.vitamins - Correct Answer organic molecules that are needed in small amounts to maintain health.There are 13 of which perform a variety of unique functions in the body, such as regulating energy metabolism, maintain vision, protecting cell membranes, and helping blood to clot.minerals - Correct Answer in nutrition, an element needed by the body to maintain structure and regulate chemical reactions and body processes.elements - Correct Answer a substance that cannot be broken down into products with different properties.
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