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Galen NUR 210 Newest Exam 3/ Study Guide Questions with Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) Graded A+
Mannitol (Osmotic Diuretics) Action - Correct Answer - Causes water, chloride, potassium, and water to be excreted through the kidneys
Mannitol (Osmotic Diuretics) Uses - Correct Answer - -Prevent Kidney Failure
- Decrease Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
-Decrease Intraocular Pressure (IOP) -Usually used in an emergency situation
Mannitol (Osmotic Diuretics) Side effects/adverse reactions - Correct Answer - -GI upset -Fluid and electrolyte imbalance -Pulmonary edema from rapid shift of fluids -Tachycardia -Rapid Fluid Loss, Acidosis
(Extreme Caution: Heart disease, Heart Failure, and Renal Failure)
Spironolactone (Potassium-Sparring Diuretics) Action - Correct Answer - -Blocks Aldosterone -Because of blocking aldosterone, the renal tubules promote sodium and water excretion and potassium retention
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pg. 2 Spironolactone (Potassium-Sparring Diuretics) Uses - Correct Answer - -To treat fluid overload associated with heart failure -Hepatic Cirrhosis
Spironolactone (Potassium-Sparring Diuretics) Side effects/adverse reactions - Correct Answer - -GI distress, dizziness, weakness
-Hypotension, Orthostatic Hypotension -Fluid and electrolyte imbalance -Photosensitivity -Hyperkalemia
Spironolactone (Potassium-Sparring Diuretics) Contraindications - Correct Answer - - Severe Kidney/Renal Disease -Hyperkalemia
Spironolactone (Potassium-Sparring Diuretics) Interactions - Correct Answer - - Potassium supplements -ACE Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor blocks
Antitubercular Drugs - Drug combinations: Single-drug and multi drug therapy - Correct
Answer - Single drug: Not used as it is ineffective
Multidrug: Decreases bacterial resistance to drug and treatment duration decreased
Antitubercular Drugs - Treatment regimen is divided into - Correct Answer - 2 phases
Antitubercular Drugs - Phase 1 - Correct Answer - *Isoniazid *Rifampin -More effective than second-line -Less toxic than second-line 2 / 4
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Duration: Approximately 2 months
Antitubercular Drugs - Phase 2 - Correct Answer - -Less effective -More Toxic
Duration: Approximately 4 to 7 months
Dextromethorphan hydrobromide (Antitussives) Uses - Correct Answer - Provide temporary suppression of nonproductive cough, to reduce viscosity of tenacious secretions
Dextromethorphan hydrobromide (Antitussives) Side effects/adverse reactions - Correct Answer - -Nausea -Dizziness -Drowsiness, sedation
Dextromethorphan hydrobromide (Antitussives) Contraindications - Correct Answer - - COPD -Chronic productive cough -Children under 2
Dextromethorphan hydrobromide (Antitussives) Interactions - Correct Answer - -Other CNS depressants -Grapefruit juice
albuterol (bronchodilators-beta 2 agonist) Action - Correct Answer - -Stimulates beta 2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, which relaxes the bronchial smooth muscle causing bronchodilation -Rapid onset -Longer duration and fewer side effects than epi
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pg. 4 albuterol (bronchodilators-beta 2 agonist) Uses - Correct Answer - -treat bronchospasm, asthma, bronchitis, COPD -Rescue inhaler
albuterol (bronchodilators-beta 2 agonist) Side effects/adverse reactions - Correct Answer - -Tremors, anxious, nervous, sweating -Insomnia -Palpitations -Hypertension -Hyperglycemia
Guaifenesin (Expectorants) Action - Correct Answer - Loosens bronchial secretions so they can be coughed up
Guaifenesin (Expectorants) Use - Correct Answer - -Dry, nonproductive cough -some antitussive side effect
Guaifenesin (Expectorants) Side effect - Correct Answer - Nausea/vomiting
Cold Medication Care Plan Interventions/Teaching - Correct Answer - -Monitor vital signs -Monitor secretions -Monitor for cough suppression & respiratory status with narcotics -Teach proper use of nasal spray -Increase fluids (especially with expectorants) -Don't drive until action is known -Decongestants can cause insomnia, take early in the day -Read labels to know what medications are in multiple symptom control medication -Contact HCP if cough last longer than 1 week
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