Genetics Final Exam (Final exam for Pittcock Genetics) What are deleterious genes and list one example (ANS - alleles whose phenotype results in significantly reduced fitness of an animal; Dexter cattle - short legs
Genetics (ANS - The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation.
Gregor Mendel is often referred to as (ANS - "Father of Genetics"
What plant did Gregor Mendel study?(ANS - peas
Why was Mendel more successful than other researchers? (what were they looking for or at differently)
(ANS –
- Picked easy organism to experiment
- Picked plant that was diploid
- Picked traits that were simply inherited
- Mendel looked at traits separately
Define genetic improvement and list 3 examples
(ANS –
The betterment of an organism;
- bigger
- smaller 1 / 3
- faster
- hairless
- quicker weight gain
Who created the term "genetics?'(ANS - William Batesone
What is a chromosome?(ANS - a DNA molecule composed of RNA and proteins to form a threadlike structure; only visible during meiosis and mitosis (contains the genes)
What is located on a chromosome?(ANS - genes
What is the appearance of the structure of a DNA strand?(ANS - double helix
Define DNA (ANS - Genetic material makes up a gene and then makes up a chromosome
List the bases that make up DNA (ANS
- Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
What DNA bases are paired together?(ANS - Adenine - Thymine 2 / 3
Cytosine - Guanine
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cattle (ANS - Dominant - polled
Recessive - horned
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Chickens (ANS - Dominant - feathered shanks
Recessive - clean shanks
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Horses (ANS - Dominant - smooth hair
Recessive - curly hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Dogs (ANS - Dominant - wire hair
Recessive - smooth hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cats (ANS - Dominant - short hair
- / 3