Geography IGCSE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025) What are the 5 coastal Shaping Processes? - Correct Answers ✅1. Deposition
- Erosion
- Waves
- Long-shore Drift
- Land Processes
- Erosion
- Mass Movement
- Abrasion
- Attrition
- Corrosion
What are the 3 types of land Processes? - Correct Answers ✅1. Weathering
What are the 4 types of Erosion? - Correct Answers ✅1.Hydraulic Action
Hydraulic Action (Coasts) - Correct Answers ✅Air may become trapped in faults and cracks in the cliff face. When waves break, the air becomes compressed and forces the cracks to widen, hence weakening the cliff. (...causing erosion.) 1 / 4
Geography IGCSE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025) Corrosion (Coasts) - Correct Answers ✅Acids contained in sea water will dissolve certain types of rocks and minerals, causing erosion.Abrasion (Coasts) - Correct Answers ✅Waves carrying rocks and sand grind down the cliff when they break, like sand paper, causing erosion.Attrition (Coasts) - Correct Answers ✅When waves smash rocks and pebbles into the cliff face or into each other, they become smaller and smoother.What does the amount of energy in a wave depend on? -
Correct Answers ✅- The speed of the wind: stronger winds
result in stronger waves because more energy is transferred into the waves
- How long the wind has been blowing: the longer the wind
has been blowing, the more energy is transferred and the stronger the waves
- The fetch: the longer the fetch, the greater is the possibility
of large waves if the storms are widespread What are the 2 types of waves? - Correct Answers ✅1.Constructive
- Destructive 2 / 4
Geography IGCSE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025) Properties of Constructive waves - Correct Answers ✅- Strong swash
- Weak backwash
- Low Waves
- Long Wavelength
- Rolling Waves
- More Deposition
- Less Erosion
- Build up beaches
- Found in sheltered bay and spits where they build up sandy
- More common in summer than in winter
- Wavefront is gently sloping
- Water spread a long way up the gently sloping
- Strong Backwash
- High Waves
- Short Wavelength
- Breaking Waves
- More Erosion
- Less Deposition 3 / 4
beaches
Properties of Destructive waves - Correct Answers ✅- Weak (relative) Swash (but stronger than that of a constructive wave)
Geography IGCSE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025)
- Remove more sediment from beaches
- Found in more exposed bays, where they build up pebble
- More common in winter than in summer
- Can comb beach material back into the sea and lower
- The force generated by a breaking destructive waves is also
- / 4
beaches
beaches in the winter
sufficient enough to erode a headland How are waves created? - Correct Answers ✅Waves are caused by the transfer of energy from the wind to the sea due to friction of the wind on the water's surface Describe the movement of a wave in shallow water - Correct Answers ✅In deep water, each water molecule within a wave moves in a circular motion. As waves move into shallow water, they begin to stack up. Waves slow down due to friction with the seabed and begin to increase in height.Water molecules are now moving in an elliptical shape. AS frictional drag with the seabed increases, the base of the wave is slowed down so the top part is travelling faster. This causes the wave to tilt, break and move towards the shore in the surf zone. The wave breaks and flows onto the beach as swash and gravity takes it back down the beach as backwash.