GLG 115 Damon Bassett Final Exam

GLG 115 Damon Bassett Final Exam | 79 Q’s and A’s What properties define something as "living"? - -Reproduction Homeostasis Reaction to environmental stimuli Metabolism Growth

• What are the possible locations for the origin of life on earth? - -Hot

Springs Shallow Ponds Hydrothermal Vents in the Sea Snowball Earth Panspermia

• What is the most likely first group of organisms to have evolved on earth? -

-Prokaryotes— bacteria and archaea

• What cellular process is involved in sexual reproduction? - -Meiosis
• How have paleontologists identified the earliest signs of life? - -Differences

in the carbon isotope record to show carbon-based life

- How are prokaryotes and eukaryotes different? - -Prokaryote: No nucleus,

single loop chromosome, binary fission

Eukaryote: Nucleus with two pairs of chromosomes, asexual and sexual

reproduction, multicellular

• What method did Stanley Miller use to investigate the origin of life? - -He

Created an earth-like atmosphere and created amino acids

• What is the oldest evidence for life on earth? - -Oldest fossil — 3.5 Ga of a

prokaryote

• Why did oxygen build up in earth's atmosphere? - -Once the ocean

became saturated the oxygen the prokaryotes were synthesizing went into the atmosphere

• How do paleontologists classify fossil organisms? - -Phonetic Species

Concept — based on morphology

• What type of diagram is used to determine how related groups of

organisms are? - -Cladogram 1 / 2

• How is biological classification different from paleontological classification?
• -Bio can go off on DNA and if organisms can reproduce while paleo is based

on morphology

• How does "Lamarckian" evolution propose that life evolves? - -Develop a

trait during life span that can be passed on to future generations — acquired traits

• What is functional morphology? - -Function follows form — the study of a

structure and its form

• What theory explains the presence of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells? - -

Prokaryotes living within larger prokaryotes — symbiotic relationship

• What type of morphological changes occur as a result of directional

selection? - -Peppered moths from light to dark — selects on one trait to change

• What fossil evidence is there that dinosaurs parented their young? - -

Protosaurotops show fossilization of nest that prove the young had hatched and then grown together for some time before being buried by a sandstorm Triceratops inside an egg clutch

• Why was the Piltdown Man hoax effective? - -A human skull and an

orangutan jaw

• What explanations are there for why feathers evolved? - -They could

insulate their body to help with thermoregulation

• How are Homo sapiens distinguished from other hominids? Other

organisms in general? - -We have language and more advanced tools

• What taxonomic family do humans belong to? - -Hominidae
• What are some of the driving forces for human evolution? - -Periods of

warming allowed for organisms to spread out Predations

• What percentage of species that have ever lived is extinct? - -99.97
• Prosimians - -Lemurs; Bushbabies; Lorises
• Plesiadapiforms - -Similar to "Tree Shrew" ancestors to primates; pre-

primates; fossils include mostly teeth and jaws

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