Hyperemesis Gravidarum Nursing Care Plan & Management
Description
▪ Hyperemesis gravidarum is severe and excessive nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, which leads to electrolyte, metabolic, and nutritional imbalances in the absence of the medical problems.Aetiology
▪ The aetiology of hyperemesis gravidarum is obscure;
suggested causative factors include:
- High levels of chg. in early pregnancy
- Metabolic or nutritional deficiencies
- More common in unmarried white women and first
- Ambivalence toward the pregnancy or family-related
- Thyroid dysfunction
pregnancies
stress
Pathophysiology
- Continued vomiting results in dehydration and
ultimately deceases the amount of blood and nutrients circulated to the developing foetus. 1 / 2
- Hospitalization may be required for severe symptoms
when the client needs intravenous hydration and correction of metabolic imbalance.Assessment Findings
▪ Signs and symptoms occur during the first 16 weeks of pregnancy and are intractable.
1. Clinical manifestations include:
▪ Unremitting nausea and vomiting.▪ Vomitus initially containing undigested food, bile, and mucus; later containing blood and material that resembles coffee grounds ▪ Weight loss
2. Other common signs and symptoms include:
▪ Pale, dry skin ▪ Rapid pulse ▪ Fetid, fruity breath odour from acidosis ▪ Central nervous system effects, such as confusion, delirium, headache, and lethargy, stupor, or coma.Nursing Management
- Promote resolution of the complication.
- Address emotional and psychosocial needs. Maintain a
▪ Make sure that the client is NPO until cessation of vomiting.▪ Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed; they may be given on an ambulatory basis when dehydration is mild.▪ Measure and record fluid intake and output.▪ Encourage small frequent meals and snacks once vomiting has subsided.▪ Administer antiemetics as prescribed.
non-judgmental atmosphere in which the client and family can express concerns and resolve some of their fears.Nursing Assessment
1. Main complaint:
▪ Severe vomiting
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