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Medical Surgical (Cardiovascular and Hematologic) Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the priority action when a client with chest pain shows ST-segment elevation on ECG?✔✔ Activate the cardiac catheterization team for emergency reperfusion therapy.
What finding indicates effective treatment in a client with left-sided heart failure?✔✔ Clear lung sounds and absence of dyspnea at rest.
What should a nurse do first when a client reports chest pain during ambulation?✔✔ Stop the activity and have the client rest.
Why is it important to elevate the legs in a client with venous insufficiency?✔✔ To promote venous return and reduce swelling.
What is the most reliable indicator of peripheral arterial disease in the lower extremities?✔✔ Intermittent claudication relieved by rest. 1 / 3
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What is a priority nursing intervention for a client with a hemoglobin of 6.5 g/dL?✔✔ Prepare for a possible blood transfusion as ordered.
What condition is suspected when a client with a mechanical valve develops sudden shortness of breath and pink frothy sputum?✔✔ Pulmonary edema due to valve malfunction or heart failure.
Why should a nurse assess for calf pain and swelling in a post-op client?✔✔ These symptoms may indicate deep vein thrombosis.
What is a critical teaching point for a client discharged on enoxaparin injections?✔✔ Inject into the abdomen, rotating sites, and do not rub after administration.
What should be included in discharge teaching for a client with a new pacemaker?✔✔ Avoid lifting the arm on the pacemaker side above the shoulder for several weeks.
What is the best method to assess for fluid volume excess in a client with heart failure? 2 / 3
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✔✔ Daily weight measurements using the same scale and time of day.
What dietary advice should be given to a client with iron deficiency anemia?✔✔ Include iron-rich foods like red meat, spinach, and fortified cereals.
Why is it important to monitor temperature in a client with leukemia?✔✔ Fever may indicate infection due to neutropenia.
What is the nurse’s priority action if a client with a central line shows signs of sepsis?✔✔ Notify the provider and prepare to obtain blood cultures.
What symptom is most concerning in a client with sickle cell disease?✔✔ Severe pain in the chest, which may indicate acute chest syndrome.
Why should clients with thrombocytopenia avoid using razors or blowing their nose forcefully?✔✔ They are at increased risk for bleeding due to low platelet count.
What lab value confirms a diagnosis of anemia?
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