Hematology – Pathophysiology Questions with Correct Answers A nurse is discussing a granulocyte. Which type of cell is the nurse describing? - Correct Answer Neutrophil (Neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils are types of granulocytes) A patient has a decreased number of leukocytes. Which term will the nurse use to describe this finding? - Correct Answer Leukopenia (Leukopenia is present when the count is lower than normal) A nurse wants to talk about the most common granulocyte cell. Which type of cells will the nurse describe? - Correct Answer Neutrophils (Neutrophilia is another term that may be used to describe granulocytosis because neutrophils are the most numerous of the granulocytes) A patient has a shift to the left or left shift. What other term can the nurse use to describe this finding? - Correct Answer Leukemoid reaction (Premature release of the immature cells is responsible for the phenomenon known as a shift to the left or leukemoid reaction) A patient has rheumatoid arthritis and the neutrophils are being sequestered in the spleen. Which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented on the chart? - Correct Answer Felty syndrome (Abnormal neutrophil distribution and sequestration are associated with hypersplenism and a pseudoneutropenia, which in the presence of rheumatoid arthritis constitute Felty syndrome.) A patient has monocytopenia. Which history data is significant for the monocytopenia? - Correct Answer Uses prednisone/glucocorticoid therapy (Monocytopenia, a decrease in monocytes, is rare but has been identified with hairy cell leukemia and prednisone/glucocorticoid therapy) A patient has an infection with the Epstein Barr virus. Which lab result will be elevated? - Correct Answer Lymphocytes (Lymphocytosis is rare in acute bacterial infections and is seen most commonly in acute viral infections, particularly those caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a causative agent in infectious mononucleosis) Which information should the nurse include when discussing the pathophysiology of infectious mononucleosis? - Correct Answer An infection of B lymphocytes caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (Infectious mononucleosis is an infection of B lymphocytes caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).) A patient has chronic leukemia. Which cell is most affected? - Correct Answer Mature cells (In chronic leukemia, the predominant cell is more mature but does not function normally) 1 / 2
Which information should the nurse include when describing the pathophysiology of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)? - Correct Answer A specific chromosomal translocation called the Philadelphia chromosome (CML is more common in middle-aged to older adults and is frequently associated with a specific chromosomal translocation, called the Philadelphia chromosome.) Which staging classification system can the nurse use to help classify the stage of Hodgkin disease? - Correct Answer Cotswold (Hodgkin disease is further classified by its clinical stage, called the Cotswold Stage.) A patient has recently been diagnosed with Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL). Which initial assessment is typical of this disease? - Correct Answer Painless swollen lymph nodes in the neck (The first sign of LL is usually a painless lymphadenopathy in the neck.) A patient has heparin induced thrombocytopenia. Which treatment should the nurse implement? - Correct Answer Stop the heparin (Treatment is the withdrawal of heparin and use of alternative anticoagulants.) A child is admitted with acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Which history data is significant for ITP? - Correct Answer Recently had a viral infection (Acute ITP is usually secondary to infections (particularly viral).) A patient is admitted to the Emergency department with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Which principle should guide nursing care? - Correct Answer This is a life-threatening multisystem disorder (Thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP) is a life-threatening multisystem disorder.) Which information is important for the nurse to remember about essential thrombocythemia? Along with increased platelets, there may also be an increase in: - Correct Answer red blood cells. (Along with increased platelets, there may be a concomitant increase in the number of red cells.) A patient has a vitamin K deficiency. Which assessment is priority? Monitoring for: - Correct Answer hemorrhage. (Most individuals with a vitamin K deficiency will experience easy bruising and excessive bleeding.) Which patient should the nurse assess first for bleeding problems? A patient with: - Correct Answer liver disease. (Patients with liver disease and a vitamin K deficiency are prone to bleeding.)
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