HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

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VERIFIED ANSWERS (GUARANTEED A) HESI

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY LATEST EXAMS (NEW!)

A mother is crying as she holds and rocks her child with tetanus who is having muscular spasms and crying. After administering diazepam (Valium) to the child, what action should the nurse implement?

• Lay the child down and ask the mother to stay near the child in the crib.
• Encourage the mother to take a break and leave the room to stop crying.
• Keep all light sources off and close the window blinds to the room.
• Use calm, reassurance and understanding to comfort the mother. - ANSWER-A.

Lay the child down and ask the mother to stay near the child in the crib.

The nurse hears short, high-pitched sounds just before the end of inspiration in the right and left lower lobes when auscultating a client's lungs. How should this finding be recorded?

• Inspiratory wheezes in both lungs.
• Crackles in the right and left lower lobes.
• Abnormal lung sounds in the bases of both lungs.
• Pleural friction rub in the right and left lower lobes. - ANSWER-B. Crackles in

the right and left lower lobes.

A client is brought to the Emergency Center after a snow-skiing accident. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?

• Review the electrocardiogram tracing. 1 / 4

• Obtain blood for coagulation studies.
• Apply a warming blanket.
• Provide heated PO fluids. - ANSWER-A. Review the electrocardiogram

tracing.

Which pathophysiological response supports a client's vomiting experience?

• Sensory input of noxious stimuli relayed to the cognitive centers is associated

with disgust and illicits vomiting.

• Response of stimulation of the posterior oropharynx results in reverse peristalsis

of the gastrointestinal tract.

• Spasmodic reflex of respiratory and gastric movements results from stimulation

of the chemoreceptor trigger zone.

• Increased gastric and colonic pressures move gastrointestinal contents to the

orifice of least resistance. - ANSWER-C. Spasmodic reflex of respiratory and gastric movements results from stimulation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone.

The nurse reviews the complete blood count (CBC) findings of an adolescent with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The hemoglobin is 13.8 g/dl, hematocrit is 36.7%, white blood cell count is 8,200 mm3, and platelet count is 115,000 mm3.Based on these findings, what is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client's plan of care?

• Impaired gas exchange.
• Risk for infection.
• Risk for injury.
• Risk for activity intolerance. - ANSWER-C. Risk for injury.

Which signs and symptoms are associated with arterial insufficiency?

• Pallor, intermittent claudication.
• Pedal edema, brown pigmentation. 2 / 4

• Blanched skin, lower extremity ulcers.
• Peripheral neuropathy, cold extremities. - ANSWER-A. Pallor, intermittent

claudication.

A client who is receiving a whole blood transfusion develops chills, fever, and a headache 30 minutes after the transfusion is started. The nurse should recognize these symptoms as characteristic of what reaction?

• A mild allergic reaction.
• A febrile transfusion reaction.
• An anaphylactic transfusion reaction.
• An acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. - ANSWER-B. A febrile transfusion

reaction.

The nurse is assessing a client with a ruptured small bowel and determines that the client has a temperature of 102.8o F. Which assessment finding provides the earliest indication that the client is experiencing septic shock?

• Bilateral crackles.
• Hyperpnea.
• Mucus production.
• Weak peripheral pulses. - ANSWER-B. Hyperpnea.

The nurse is caring for a client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), which is manifested by which symptoms?

• Loss of thirst, weight gain.
• Dependent edema, fever.
• Polydipsia, polyuria.
• Hypernatremia, tachypnea. - ANSWER-A. Loss of thirst, weight gain.
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A client's family asks why their mother with heart failure needs a pulmonary artery (PA) catheter now that she is in the intensive care unit (ICU). What information should the nurse include in the explanation to the family?

• A central monitoring system reduces the risk of complications undetected by

observation.

• A pulmonary artery catheter measures central pressures for monitoring fluid

replacement.

• Pulmonary artery catheters allow for early detection of lung problems.
• The healthcare provider should explain the many reasons for its use. -

ANSWER-B. A pulmonary artery catheter measures central pressures for monitoring fluid replacement.

When observing a client for symptoms of a large bowel obstruction, the nurse should assess for which finding?

• Distention of the lower abdomen.
• Nausea with profuse vomiting.
• Upper abdominal discomfort.
• Fluid and electrolyte imbalances. - ANSWER-A. Distention of the lower

abdomen.

The nurse is planning care for a client who has a right hemispheric stroke. Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse include in the plan of care?

• Impaired physical mobility related to right-sided hemiplegia.
• Risk for injury related to denial of deficits and impulsiveness.
• Impaired verbal communication related to speech-language deficits.
• Ineffective coping related to depression and distress about disability. -

ANSWER-B. Risk for injury related to denial of deficits and impulsiveness.

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