HESI Case Study: Heart and Neck

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HESI Case Study: Heart and Neck

Assessment Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

Which heart sound is associated with the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves?

✔✔A. S1

• S2
• S3
• S4

Which heart sound indicates ventricular filling in early diastole and may suggest heart failure in adults?

• S1
• S2

✔✔C. S3

• S4

Which heart sound is heard just before S1 and may indicate a stiffened ventricle? 1 / 4

2

• S1
• S2
• S3

✔✔D. S4

Which assessment finding indicates jugular vein distention?

• Flattened neck veins

✔✔B. Bulging neck veins when patient is at 45 degrees

• Absence of carotid pulse
• Swelling in lower extremities

Which technique is used to assess the carotid artery for bruits?

• Palpate with both hands

✔✔B. Auscultate with the bell of the stethoscope

• Tap lightly with fingers
• Observe for pulsations only

Which finding is expected in a healthy adult during jugular vein assessment? 2 / 4

3

• Vein bulges at 90 degrees
• Prominent at 0 degrees

✔✔C. Visible at 30-45 degrees and disappears when sitting upright

• Constantly visible at all angles

Which pulse is assessed to determine cardiac rhythm and rate?✔✔A. Apical pulse

• Femoral pulse
• Radial pulse only
• Carotid pulse

Which position is recommended to auscultate heart sounds in a client with suspected murmurs?

• Sitting upright only

✔✔B. Sitting, supine, and left lateral decubitus

• Standing only
• Prone

Which heart sound is heard best at the apex with the bell of the stethoscope? 3 / 4

4

• S1
• S2

✔✔C. S3

• Murmur

Which assessment finding may indicate right-sided heart failure?

• Crackles in lungs

✔✔B. Jugular vein distention

• Bradycardia
• Increased S1 intensity

Which murmur is often heard during systole at the upper right sternal border?✔✔A. Aortic stenosis

• Mitral regurgitation
• Tricuspid stenosis
• Pulmonic regurgitation

Which maneuver enhances detection of aortic regurgitation?

• / 4