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HESI Case Study: Premature Infant
Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the primary risk factor for premature birth?✔✔Maternal infection, multiple gestation, or preterm labor
Which organ system is most immature in a premature infant?✔✔Respiratory system
Which condition is common due to surfactant deficiency in premature infants?✔✔Respiratory distress syndrome
Which nursing intervention supports breathing in a premature infant?✔✔Administer surfactant and provide continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
Which vital sign is critical to monitor closely in a premature infant?✔✔Respiratory rate and oxygen saturation
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Which temperature regulation problem is common in premature infants?✔✔Hypothermia due to insufficient fat and immature thermoregulation
Which intervention helps maintain body temperature in a premature infant?✔✔Use of incubator or radiant warmer
Which feeding challenge is common in premature infants?✔✔Difficulty coordinating sucking, swallowing, and breathing
Which type of feeding is preferred for very premature infants initially?✔✔Parenteral nutrition followed by gavage or tube feeding
Which complication can occur due to prolonged oxygen therapy in premature infants?✔✔Retinopathy of prematurity
Which sign indicates hypoglycemia in a premature infant?✔✔Jitteriness, lethargy, or poor feeding
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Which nursing action helps prevent infection in premature infants?✔✔Strict hand hygiene and limited exposure to visitors
Which condition is common due to immature gastrointestinal system in premature infants?✔✔Necrotizing enterocolitis
Which position promotes lung expansion in a premature infant?✔✔Supine with slight elevation of the head or prone with supervision
Which lab value is important to monitor for anemia in premature infants?✔✔Hemoglobin and hematocrit
Which complication is associated with immature kidneys in premature infants?✔✔Electrolyte imbalance and difficulty excreting waste
Which intervention helps prevent apnea of prematurity?✔✔Caffeine citrate administration and careful monitoring
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