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HESI Comprehensive Exam 1 Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the primary purpose of a chest X-ray?✔✔To visualize the lungs, heart, and thoracic structures for diagnosis of conditions like pneumonia or heart failure
A client is scheduled for a CT scan with contrast. What is an important pre-procedure nursing action?✔✔Assess for allergies to iodine or shellfish and check kidney function
Why is it important to instruct a client to hold their breath during a chest X-ray?✔✔To prevent motion artifacts and ensure a clear image
What is the primary safety concern for pregnant clients undergoing radiologic procedures?✔✔Fetal exposure to ionizing radiation and potential teratogenic effects
How does an MRI differ from a CT scan in imaging soft tissues? 1 / 4
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✔✔MRI uses magnetic fields and radio waves, providing better soft tissue contrast without ionizing radiation
What is the nurse’s role when a client receives a fluoroscopic study?✔✔Provide shielding, monitor for radiation exposure, and ensure client understanding of procedure
Why is it important to remove all metal objects before an MRI?✔✔Metal can distort images and pose a safety risk due to the strong magnetic field
What preparation is necessary for a barium swallow study?✔✔Client may need to fast, drink contrast, and follow instructions for imaging to evaluate swallowing and esophagus
How does an ultrasound create images of internal organs?✔✔By using high-frequency sound waves that reflect off tissues to produce real-time images
What should a nurse monitor after a client receives intravenous contrast for a CT scan? 2 / 4
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✔✔Signs of allergic reaction such as rash, itching, or difficulty breathing
Why is positioning critical in radiographic imaging?✔✔Correct positioning ensures accurate visualization of anatomy and reduces the need for repeat exposures
What is the purpose of a mammogram?✔✔To screen for breast cancer and detect small tumors or abnormalities
What client teaching is essential before a nuclear medicine scan?✔✔Explain that a small amount of radioactive tracer will be used and that it is generally safe and painless
How does a PET scan assist in cancer diagnosis?✔✔By detecting metabolic activity and identifying malignant tissues through radioactive glucose uptake
Why must clients remain still during an MRI or CT scan? 3 / 4
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✔✔Movement can blur images and reduce diagnostic accuracy
What is the main risk associated with repeated X-ray exposure?✔✔Cumulative radiation dose increases the lifetime risk of cancer
What is the purpose of using lead aprons during X-ray procedures?✔✔To protect radiosensitive organs from unnecessary radiation exposure
What is the primary use of a bone scan in radiology?✔✔To detect bone abnormalities, infections, fractures, or metastatic cancer
Why should a nurse assess renal function before administering contrast dye?✔✔To prevent contrast-induced nephropathy in clients with impaired kidney function
What is the advantage of digital radiography over traditional film X-rays?✔✔Faster image acquisition, lower radiation dose, and easier image storage and manipulation
What is the key nursing responsibility for a client undergoing a myelogram?
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