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HESI - Critical Care / GI Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the priority nursing action for a patient vomiting blood?✔✔Maintain airway and initiate IV access.
Which lab test best indicates liver function in a patient with cirrhosis?✔✔ALT and AST levels.
What is the most common complication of pancreatitis?✔✔Hypocalcemia.
A patient with portal hypertension is at risk for which complication?✔✔Esophageal varices.
Which electrolyte imbalance occurs with severe diarrhea?✔✔Metabolic acidosis due to bicarbonate loss.
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What is the first intervention for a patient with suspected perforated duodenal ulcer?✔✔Place the patient NPO and insert an NG tube.
What is the purpose of lactulose in hepatic encephalopathy?✔✔It lowers ammonia levels.
Which sign indicates peritonitis?✔✔Rigid, board-like abdomen with rebound tenderness.
What is the best position for a patient with acute pancreatitis?✔✔Fetal position or sitting leaning forward.
Which lab value is elevated in acute pancreatitis?✔✔Serum amylase and lipase.
What is the priority action for a patient with suspected bowel obstruction?✔✔Insert a nasogastric tube for decompression.
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Which complication should the nurse monitor for after paracentesis?✔✔Hypotension due to fluid shift.
What dietary teaching is most important for a patient with celiac disease?✔✔Avoid gluten-containing foods like wheat, barley, and rye.
What symptom suggests an upper GI bleed?✔✔Black, tarry stools (melena).
What is the priority intervention for a patient with massive ascites?✔✔Measure abdominal girth and monitor for respiratory distress.
Which vitamin deficiency is common in patients with chronic liver disease?✔✔Vitamin K deficiency leading to bleeding.
What is the best diet for a patient with acute diverticulitis?✔✔NPO or clear liquids initially.
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