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HESI Entrance Exam for Chamberlain Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is endosymbiotic theory?✔✔The theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from free-living prokaryotes engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells
What is a codon?✔✔A sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for an amino acid
What is a mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence called?✔✔Silent mutation
What is a frameshift mutation?✔✔A mutation caused by insertion or deletion of nucleotides that shifts the reading frame
What is the function of the proteasome?✔✔To degrade unneeded or damaged proteins 1 / 4
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What is the main function of the extracellular matrix?✔✔To provide structural support to cells and tissues
What is phagocytosis?✔✔A process where cells engulf large particles or other cells
What is pinocytosis?✔✔A process where cells ingest extracellular fluid and its dissolved substances
What are gap junctions?✔✔Channels that allow communication between adjacent animal cells
What is the function of tight junctions?✔✔To create a seal between adjacent cells to prevent leakage
What is the role of desmosomes?✔✔To anchor cells together and provide mechanical strength 2 / 4
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What is the function of the cell wall in bacteria?✔✔To provide shape and protection
What is quorum sensing?✔✔A process where bacteria communicate and coordinate behavior based on population density
What is the function of a plasmodesmata in plant cells?✔✔To allow transport and communication between adjacent plant cells
What is a vacuole?✔✔A membrane-bound sac used for storage and maintaining cell turgor
What is the function of the mitochondria's cristae?✔✔To increase the surface area for ATP production
What is the role of NADH in cellular respiration?✔✔To carry electrons to the electron transport chain 3 / 4
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What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms?✔✔The cell
What structure in the cell contains the genetic material?✔✔The nucleus
Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?✔✔Mitochondria
What is the function of the ribosomes in a cell?✔✔To synthesize proteins
What part of the cell controls what enters and leaves the cell?✔✔Cell membrane
What type of molecule forms the majority of the cell membrane?✔✔Phospholipids
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