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1 HESI PEDIATRICS EXAM RN VERSION A, B & C TEST BANK COMPLETE
700+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
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HESI RN PEDIATRICS EXAM VERSION A
QUESTION: A six-month-old returns from surgery with elbow restraints in place. What nursing care should be included when caring for any restrained child?
- keep restraints on at all times.
- remove restraints one at a time and provide range of motion exercises
- Remove all restraints simultaneously and provide lay activities
- renew the healthcare provider's prescription for restraints every 72 hours. - ANSWER-B.
remove restraints one at a time and provide range of motion exercises
Removing restraints one at a time is safer than removing all of them at once. The child needs to exercise and should not be kept in restraints at all times. The renewal of the healthcare provider's prescription varies with hospitals and it does not really answer the question.
QUESTION: A 2-year old child with Down syndrome is brought to the clinic for his regular physical examination. The nurse knows which problem is frequently associated with Down syndrome?
- congenital heart disease 1 / 4
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- fragile x-chromosome
- trisomy 13
- pyloric stenosis - ANSWER-A. congenital heart disease
Congenital heart disease is the most common associated defect in children with Down syndrome. Trisomy 13 my have seemed possible since Down syndrome is a trisomal chromosomal abnormality o chromosome 21. Fragile x-chromosome is a sex-linked abnormality also causing mental retardation. Pyloric stenosis is not associated with Down syndrome.
QUESTION: When assessing a child with asthma, the nurse should expect intercostal retractions during
- inspiration
- coughing
- apneic episodes
- expiration - ANSWER-A. inspiration
Intercostal retractions result from respiratory effort to draw air into restricted airways.
QUESTION: When planning the care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair, the nurse knows that crying should be minimized because it
- increases salivation 2 / 4
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- increases the respiratory rate
- leads to vomiting
- stresses the suture line - ANSWER-D. stresses the suture line
Prevention of stress on the lip suture line is essential for optimum healing and the cosmetic appearance of a cleft lip repair. Although crying also causes increased salivation, increased respiratory rate and may lead to vomiting, these conditions do not create a problem for the child with a cleft lip repair.
QUESTION: A full-term infant is admitted to the newborn nursery. After careful assessment, the nurse suspects that the infant may have an esophageal atresia. Which symptoms is this newborn likely to have exhibited?
- choking, coughing, and cyanosis
- projectile vomiting and cyanosis
- apneic spells and grunting
- scaphoid abdomen and anorexia - ANSWER-A. choking, coughing, and cyanosis
(A) includes the "3 C's" of esophageal atresia caused by the overflow of secretions into the trachea. (B) is characteristic of pyloric stenosis in the infant. (C) could be due to prematurity or sepsis, and grunting is a sign of respiratory distress. (D) is characteristic of a diaphragmatic hernia. 3 / 4
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4 The nurse is giving preoperative instructions to a 14-year old female client who is scheduled for surgery to correct a spinal curvature. Which statement by the client best demonstrates that learning has taken place?
- I will read all the literature you gave me before surgery.
- I have had surgery before when I broke my wrist in a bike accident, so I know what to expect.
- All the things people have told me will help me take care of my back.
- I understand that I will be in a body cast and I will show you how you taught me to turn. -
ANSWER-D. I understand that I will be in a body cast and I will show you how you taught me to turn.
Outcome of learning is best demonstrated when the client not only verbalizes an understanding, but also can provide a return demonstration. A 14-year old may or may not follow through with reading material and there is no way of measuring that way of learning.Have a previous surgery may help the client understand the surgical process, but wrist surgery is very different from spinal surgery and emergency surgery is different than elective surgery. In (C), the client may be saying what the nurse wants to hear, without expressing any real understanding of what to do after surgery.
QUESTION: To take the vital signs of a 4-month old child, which order will give the most accurate results?
- Respiratory rate, heart rate, then rectal temperature
- Heart rate, rectal temperature, then respiratory rate.
- Rectal temperature, heart rate, then respiratory rate
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