HESI RN Pediatric Exam
VERSION 6
An infant with tetralogy of Fallot becomes acutely cyanotic and hyperpneic. Which action should thenurse implement first?
- Provide 100% oxygen by face mask
- Administer morphine sulfate
- Start intravenous fluids
- Place the infant in a knee chest position
Answer: D An infant with tetralogy of Fallot will become acutely cyanotic and hyperpneic during a hypercyanotic spell (transient exertional tachypnea or “TET” spell), so the nurse should immediately place the infant in a knee chest position(D). The healthcare provider should be notified and (A, B and C) implemented as prescribed.
The nurse is evaluating the effects of thyroid therapy used to treat a 5 month old with hypothyroidism.Which behavior indicates that the treatment has been effective?
- Laughs readily, turns from back to side
- Has strong Moro and tonic neck reflexes
- Keep fists clenched, opens hands when grasping an object
- Can lift head, but not chest when lying on abdomen
Answer: A Laughing, and turning from back to side are expected in a 5 month old (A) and would indicate that the thyroid treatment is effective. The Moro reflex should disappear after 3 to 4 months and tonic reflex by 3 to 4 months (B); the presence of these reflexes is abnormal for a 5 month old infant. (C and D) indicate abnormal growth and development associated with …
The nurse finds a 6 months old infant unresponsive and calls for help. After opening the airway and finding the infant is still not breathing, which action should the nurse take?
- Feel the carotid pulse and check adequate breathing.
- Palpate the femoral pulse and check regularity
- Give two breaths that make the chest rise
- Delivery cycles of 30 chest compressions and 2 breaths.
Answer: C Giving two breaths and checking for chest movement (C) assists the nurse in knowing if the airway is obstructed. (A or B) are not helpful in assessing an infant. Based on the recommendations of the American Heart Association, if the infant is unresponsive, the brachial pulse should be checked followed by cycles of 20 chest compressions and 2 breaths (D).
The nurse plans to administer 10mcg/kg of digoxin (Lanoxin) elixir as a loading dose to a child who weighs 55 pounds. Digoxin is available as an elixir of 50 mcg/ml. How many ml of the digoxin elixir should the nurse administer to this child? Enter numeric value only
Answer: 5
A 7 years old child is admitted to the hospital with acute glomerulonephritis (AGN). When obtaining the nursing history, which finding should the nurse expect to obtain? 1 / 2
- A recent DPT immunization
- A recent strep throat infection
- Increased thirst and urination
- High blood cholesterol levels on routine screening.
- Rewash the child’s hair following a 24 hours isolation period.
- Wash the child’s bed linens and clothing in hot soapy water.
- Dispose of the child brushes, combs, and other hair accessories.
- Take the child to a salon for a shampoo and shorter haircut.
- Children need help in developing social skills.
- This age child fears loss self-control.
- They provide the child with a sense of security.
- Children must learn to deal with authority.
- “I’ll cover my mouth with a wet cloth if there’s too much dust blowing”
- “Cuts and scrapes need to be washed out and covered right away”.
- “I’m not going to swim where the water is standing still or feels too hot”
- “I have to wear long sleeves and pants when we’re hiking around pond”
- Repair should be done by one month to prevent bladder infections.
- Repairs typically should be done before the child is potty-trained.
- Delaying the repair until school age reduces castration fears.
- To form a proper urethra repair, it should be done after sexual maturity.
- / 2
Answer: B AGN an immune complex disease, frequently occurs 10 to 14 days following a Group A, beta- hemolytic streptococcal infection (B). There is no correlation between AGN and (A and D). (C) is indicative of diabetes mellitus.A 3 year old boy in a daycare facility scratches his head frequently, and the nurse confirms the presence of head lice. The nurse washes the child’s hair with permethrin (Nix) shampoo and calls his parents. What instruction should the nurse provide to the parents about treatment for head lice?
Answer: B Treatment for head lice includes washing linens and clothing (B) to reduce the spread of nits (eggs). (A, C, and D) do not indicate the currently recommended treatment for head lice.While teaching a parenting class to new parents, the nurse describes the needs of infants and toddlers regarding discipline and limit setting. What is the most important reason for implementing such parenting behaviors?
Which statement by a school aged client going to summer camp indicates the best understanding of the mode of transmission of Lyme disease?
The parents of a newborn infant with hypospadias are concerned about when the surgical correction should occur. What information should the nurse provide?
Answer: B Hypospadias repair often done between 6 and 18 months, depending on the repair needed and whether it is done in one or two stages. Psychologically, it helps the child and parents if the repair is done prior to the child having genital awareness and is standing to urinate(B).Which nursing intervention is most important to assist in detecting hypopituitarism and hyperpituitarismin children?