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HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY PSYC 375 FINAL EXAM REVIEW /
Comprehensive Exam Questions with Correct Verified Answers/ Rated A+
Philosophy began: - Correct Answer - when logos replaced mythos
The allegory of the cave demonstrates: - Correct Answer - how difficult it is to deliver humans from ignorance
Plato believed that the ideal society would be governed by: - Correct Answer -
philosopher-kings
For Aristotle, sensory experience: - Correct Answer - is necessary but not sufficient for attaining knowledge
According to St. Augustine, humans can have conceptions of the past and future
because: - Correct Answer - of the remnants of sensory experiences
What was a goal of St. Thomas Aquinas? - Correct Answer - To strengthen the position of the church through reason
Copernicus argued that: - Correct Answer - the earth revolves around the sun
(heliocentric theory)
According to the work of Galileo, which set best illustrates the concepts of primary quality and secondary quality? - Correct Answer - primary quality: size; secondary
quality: color
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2 Who was the astronomer who suggested that the earth revolves around the sun 1,700 years before Copernicus? - Correct Answer - Aristarchus of Samos
The only justification for accepting Copernicus' heliocentric theory was that it: - Correct Answer - explained known astrological facts in a simpler, more harmonious, mathematical order
Which of the following was a negative aspect of Protestantism?
- It embraced the philosophies of Aristotle.
- It insisted on accepting the existence of God on faith alone; trying to understand God
- It accepted reason and the observation of nature as ways of knowing God. Incorrect
- As a religion, it was very forgiving of its followers' sins.
through reason was foolish.
(p. 103)
Feedback The correct answer is: It insisted on accepting the existence of God on faith alone; trying to understand God through reason was foolish.
Galileo used experiments to do all of the following except: - Correct Answer - show that essences are important for explanations
According to Bacon, the human tendency to see events as they would like them
constituted the: - Correct Answer - idol of the tribe
According to Bacon, the personal biases that result from one's own experiences and
education constituted the: - Correct Answer - idol of the cave
According to Renaissance humanists, Aristotle's philosophy had: - Correct Answer - become too influential within the church
Deduction involves: - Correct Answer - predicting a particular even from a general principle 2 / 4
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Newton believed all of the following except:
- explanations of natural events must always be as simple as possible
- natural events can never be explained by postulating properties inherent to them
- classification is not explanation
- because God created the universe, physical events can be understood in terms of
Incorrect (p. 113)
their purpose Feedback
The correct answer is: because God created the universe, physical events can be
understood in terms of their purpose
Descartes explained all animal behavior and much human behavior in terms of ____ principles.
- innate Incorrect (p. 120)
- mechanical
- religious
- rational
Feedback
The correct answer is: mechanical
According to Galileo, secondary qualities: - Correct Answer - cannot be measured objectively
Galileo was among the first to suggest that: - Correct Answer - a science of psychology (conscious experience) was impossible
According to Bacon, science should utilize: - Correct Answer - only the direct
observation of nature
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4 History has shown that Bacon's inductive approach to science was largely ignored.However, ____ and his followers adopted Bacon's philosophy of science. - Correct Answer - Skinner
Concerning the mind-body relationship, Descartes proposed: - Correct Answer -
interactionism
Descartes believed that: - Correct Answer - the mind is nonmaterial
Later in history, Bacon's approach to science was called: - Correct Answer - positivism
The religion in which individuals are caught in an eternal struggle between wisdom and correctness as well as ignorance and evil are called: - Correct Answer - Zoroastrianism
According to Philo, the way to true knowledge is by: - Correct Answer - a purified, passive mind receiving divine illumination
For St. Augustine, the primary goal of human existence was to: - Correct Answer - enter into a personal, emotional union with God
Which of the following occurred during the Dark Ages (c. 400-1000)? - Correct Answer - Arab philosophy, science, and theology flourished
Aquinas' great achievement was the: - Correct Answer - reconciliation of faith and reason
To remove inconsistencies in church dogma, Abelard used: - Correct Answer - the
dialectic method
All of the following were true of Averroes' philosophy except: - Correct Answer - it was basically Platonist
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