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HIV & TB Hesi Case Study Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
Which laboratory test monitors HIV treatment effectiveness?✔✔HIV viral load
Which precaution is essential when caring for a patient with active TB?✔✔Airborne isolation with N95 mask
What is the major goal of HIV care in preventing opportunistic infections?✔✔Maintain immune function through ART and prophylaxis
Which symptom suggests TB reactivation in an HIV patient?✔✔Night sweats, weight loss, and hemoptysis
Which lifestyle factor increases risk of TB infection in HIV patients?✔✔Close contact with infected individuals in crowded settings
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Which laboratory abnormality is commonly seen in HIV with TB co-infection?✔✔Anemia of chronic disease
Which immune cells are primarily targeted by HIV?✔✔CD4+ T lymphocytes
What is the most common opportunistic infection in HIV patients worldwide?✔✔Tuberculosis (TB)
Which test confirms HIV infection?✔✔HIV antibody/antigen combination (4th generation) test
What is the primary mode of HIV transmission?✔✔Unprotected sexual contact with an infected person
Which symptom is often the first indication of TB in an HIV-positive patient?✔✔Persistent cough lasting more than 3 weeks
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Which lab value indicates advanced immunosuppression in HIV?✔✔CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm³
What is the main purpose of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV?✔✔Suppress viral replication and increase CD4 count
Which diagnostic test confirms active tuberculosis?✔✔Sputum culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
What is the most common symptom of HIV in the acute infection stage?✔✔Fever, fatigue, and generalized lymphadenopathy
Which vaccine is recommended for HIV patients to prevent TB?✔✔BCG vaccine in endemic areas (depending on local guidelines)
What is the standard prophylactic medication for TB in HIV patients with latent infection?✔✔Isoniazid
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