Hondros NUR 176 Exam 1: Questions &
Answers
Question: What are interventions to prevent diabetes?
Correct answer: Maintain healthy weight, diet, and exercise.
Question: What are the signs of type 1 diabetes?
Correct answer: 3 polys, blurred vision, cold feet, numbness,
shiny thin skin with no hair, age 30 and under, sudden onset, underweight.
Question: What are the signs of type 2 diabetes?
Correct answer: No symptoms at first, later develop the 3
polys, obesity, Nigricans (black line on back of neck), skin tags.
Question: What are the signs and symptoms of
hypoglycemia?
Correct answer: Fatigue, weakness, irritability, reduced
cognition, tremors, seizures, diaphoresis (sweating).
Question: What are the signs and symptoms of
hyperglycemia?
Correct answer: 3 polys, fruity breath.
Question: What are the signs and symptoms of diabetic
ketoacidosis and its treatment?
Correct answer: High BS, high HR, restlessness, weight loss,
fruity breath, Kussmaul (fast deep RR) -- treatments: IV
regular insulin.
Question: What is the first intervention if a patient presents
with signs and symptoms of hypo/hyperglycemia?
Correct answer: Check blood sugar.
Question: How can long-term complications of diabetes be
prevented?
Correct answer: Take meds, daily feet care, yearly renal test,
eye exams every 6 months, LDL less than 150.
Question: What is the dietary teaching for a diabetic patient?
Correct answer: Meals at the same time every day, decrease
saturated fats, increase exercise, refer patient to MyPlate learning tool.
Question: When should a diabetic patient increase carbs?
Correct answer: Sugar is low before exercising.
Question: What is included in discharge teaching for a
diabetic patient?
Correct answer: Know hypo/hyperglycemia signs and
symptoms, know that stress and illness increase BS, see a diabetic educator, know the effect of exercise on BS.
Question: What are the guidelines for diabetic foot care?
Correct answer: Clean with soap and warm water, clean socks
every day, cut toenails straight across, keep feet dry, no powder or lotion between toes, wear shoes, inspect feet daily, no gardeners.
Question: What are the target levels for lipid analysis in
diabetic patients?
Correct answer: LDL less than 100, HDL more than 40,
Triglycerides less than 150.
Question: What do low and high levels of HDL indicate?
Correct answer: High: insulin resistance, low: insulin sensitivity.
Question: Which insulins cannot be mixed?
Correct answer: Levemir and Lantus (detemir and glargine).
Question: How should insulin be mixed?
Correct answer: Short-acting to long-acting, regular to NPH,
clear to cloudy.
Question: Should a nurse hold a patient’s insulin before
consulting a doctor?
Correct answer: No.
Question: What results from no insulin and destroyed beta
cells?