HONDROS NUR 212 EXAM 2 LATEST 2024/2025
WITH 300 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS (100% CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS) GRADED A+
Why would calcium gluconate be given to a patient with AKI? - ANSWER-Due to hyperkalemia, calcium gluconate raises the threshold at which dysrhythmias occur therefor protecting the heart
Nursing interventions for almost all kidney patients - ANSWER-Fluid restriction Daily weights
If there is abdominal pain during hemodialysis what should the nurse do? - ANSWER-Decrease the flow rate
What is given to excrete potassium? - ANSWER-Kayexelate
What is an important thing to remember for the process of peritoneal dialysis? - ANSWER-It must be completely STERILE
What is a major complication from peritoneal dialysis? - ANSWER-Peritonitis
If patient begins to have pain or cramping during peritoneal dialysis what should the nurse do? - ANSWER-Slow down the infusion rate
At what temperature is peritoneal dialysis given? - ANSWER-Must be warmed to body temperature
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What medication can cause an IBS flare up? - ANSWER-Sulfasalazine (anti- inflammatory medication)
Treatment goals for CKD? - ANSWER-Treat hyperkalemia, HTN, and mineral/bone disease
Potassium enriched foods? - ANSWER-Bananas, tomatoes
Why would a patient with CKD have pruritus? - ANSWER-Due to uremic frost (urea crystallizes on skin)
cure for ulcerative colitis - ANSWER-illiostomy, removal of colon, J-pouch
issues for Crohns can happen from where? - ANSWER-From mouth to anus
Common signs/symptoms of Crohn's disease and ulcerative Colitis - ANSWER- diarrhea, weight loss abdominal pain, fever and fatigue
Normal creatinine levels? - ANSWER-Male: 0.6-1.2
Female: 0.5-1.1
Normal GFR? - ANSWER-90-120ml/min
At which GFR level does dialysis begin? - ANSWER-15
S/S of acute glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER-Headache, increased BP, facial edema, malaise, low grade fever, weight fain, proteinuria, hematuria, and oliguria 2 / 4
S/S of chronic glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER-Proteinuria and hematuria
Lab findings for glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER-Increased BUN, CR Decreased albuminin
Common s\e of hemodialysis? - ANSWER-Hypotension due to all of the blood and fluids leaving the body
Nephrotic syndrome s\s - ANSWER-SEVERE proteinuria MASSIVE edema Hypertension, foamy urine, anasarca, ascites
Why might medication doses be decreased for a patient with kidney issues? - ANSWER-Due to medications not being excreted through kidneys
Prerenal causes - ANSWER-Due to decreased blood flow to kidneys Cardiovascular disorders, hypovolemia, peripheral vasodilation, renal vascular obstructions, severe vasoconstriction
Intrarenal causes - ANSWER-Due to damage to the gumeruli, interstitial tissue or tubules (parynchymal damage) Acute tubular necrosis, exposure to nephrotoxins, acute GNP, SLE, obstetric complications, and malignant hypertension
Post renal causes - ANSWER-Obstruction to the urine collecting system
BPH 3 / 4
Phases of AKI - ANSWER-Oliguric Diuretic Recovery (if not then CKD may develop)
Oliguric Phase - ANSWER-Urinary changes (output less than 400ml/day) Lasts 10-14 days Neck veins distended, bounding pulse, edema, hypertension Increased potassium (causing heart issues!)
Diuretic Phase - ANSWER-Daily urine output 1-3 liters may reach 5L or more Monitor for hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and dehydration as well as hypotension This phase may last 1-3 weeks
drug classes used to treat IBD - ANSWER-corticosteroids - decreases inflammation immunosuppressants - suppresses immune response antimicrobials - prevent or treat secondary infection aminosalicylates - decreases inflammation
indications a illeostomy or other surgical therapy may be needed are - ANSWER-- fistulas
- intestinal obstruction
- inability to decrease corticosteroids
what may increase your risk for an exacerbation with IBD's? - ANSWER--stress
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