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HOSA Behavioral Health knowledge
1.Central Nervous system (CNS): includes the brain and spinal cord
2.brainstem: contains midbrain, medulla, and pons
3.medulla: controls vital body functions ex: heart rate, breathing
4.pons: control the management of sleep, arousal, facial expression
5.cerebellum: maintaining balance and motor coordination
6.cerebellum: contains more neurons than the rest of the brain
7.midbrain: controls sensory reflexes, movement, pain
8.reticular formation: controls mood, arousal, sleep; major source of
serotonin and norepinephrine
9.thalamus: controls sensation, memory, states of consciousness;
receives sen- sory input from most systems 10.basal ganglia: voluntary movement; degeneration in Parkinson's, 1 / 4
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also in- volved in OCD and ADHD
11.hypothalamus: involved w/ motivation and homeostasis; regulates
tempera- ture, hunger thirst; directs ANS and endocrine system
12.hippocampus: formation of long term memories
13.cingulate cortex: directs ANS; plays role in decision making,
emotion, antici- pation of reward, empathy
14.amygdala: fear and aggression
15.nucleus accumbens: reward and pleasure
16.corpus callosum: connects hemispheres
17.cerebral cortex: thin layer of gray matter covering cerebral
hemispheres
18.frontal lobe: primary motor cortex and areas responsible for most
complex cognitive processes
19.Broca's area: speech production in left hemisphere
20.prefrontal cortex: planning behavior, attention, and judgement
21.orbitofrontal cortex: emotion, impulse control
22.occipital lobe: primary visual cortex 2 / 4
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23.temporal lobe: primary auditory cortex
24.parietal lobe: primary somatosensory cortex (involved in neglect
syndrome) 3 / 4
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25.lateralization: localization of function in one of the hemispheres (Ex: language lateralized in the left hemisphere)
26.Peripheral Nervous System: nerves and ganglia outside the CNS;
contains somatic and autonomic nervous systems
27.somatic nervous system: transmits commands for voluntary
movement
28.autonomic nervous system: controls glands and organs; contains
sympa- thetic and parasympathetic nervous system
29.sympathetic nervous system: fight or flight; expenditure of energy
30.parasympathetic nervous system: rest and digest; storage of energy
31.enteric nervous system: nerve cells embedded in lining of
gastrointestinal system; communicates with endocrine system; source of 95% of boys serotonin
32.endocrine system: responsible for release of hormones into
bloodstream; responses to input from hypothalamus
33.pineal gland: releases melatonin; maintenance of sleep-wake cycles
34.pituitary gland: master gland; stimulates activity of other glands
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