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HOSA Nutrition Test
1.Macronutrients: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins & water
2.Main function & caloric intake of Carbohydrates: energy, 4
Kilocalories, 50-60% of daily caloric intake
3.Main function & caloric intake of Lipids: storage of energy; 9Kcal; less
than 30 % of daily caloric intake
4.Main function & caloric intake of Protein: structure; 4Kcal; or 15-25%
of daily caloric intake 1 / 3
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5.3 main catagories of carbohydrates: monosaccharides, disaccharides,
poly- saccharides 6.Monosaccharide: simplest: glucose, fructose, galactose
7.Disaccharide: sucrose, maltose, lactose & lactulose
8.Polysaccharide: starch, glycogen, soluble & insoluble
9.Fiber is subdivided into: soluble & insoluble
10.RDA for fibers is: 25-35 per day
11.Soluble fiber: helps to reduce blood cholesterol levels 2 / 3
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12.Insoluble fiber: is important for colon health
13.4 disorders of carbohydrate metabolism: galactosemia, primary
lactase deficiency, lactose intolerance, sucrase deficiency
14.Galatosemia: inherited, early onset, accumulation of galatose in
blood, severe symptoms = failure to thrive
15.Primary lactase deficiency: body cannot digest lactose, GI
symptoms, early onset 16.Lactose intolerance: later onset, varied severity, various causes: inheritance, increased antibiotic use 17.Sucrase deficiency: similar to lactase deficiency:body cannot digest sucrase, GI symptoms, early onset
18.Functions of Carbohydrates: primary energy source for energy;
balance protein & fat metabolism; fiber: important for bowel fx,
waste elimination & blood sugar control; liver detox
19.Amino acids: the basic building blocks for proteins
20.Proteins are subdivided into: essential & nonessential
21.Urea/Ammonia: the main waste product produced by protein
metabolism
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