Human Physiology 15th Edition Fox Test Bank

Human Physiology 15th Edition Fox Test Bank Human Physiology, 15e (Fox) Chapter 1 The Study of Body Function 1) Physiology .

• emphasizes cause-and-effect mechanisms
• includes the fields of chemistry and psychology
• ignores the scientific method
• ultimately strives to understand the structures of individual cells

2) The study of how disease or injury alters physiological processes is termed .

• comparative physiology
• the scientific method
• pathophysiology
• anatomy

3) The study of disease processes aids in the understanding of normal functions.

4) The first step in the scientific method involves the formation of a(n) .

• theory
• law
• experiment
• hypothesis

5) Phase IV clinical drug trials involve testing a drug only on the specific human population who have the condition that the drug is intended to treat.

6) Phase clinical trials maximize the number of test participants and include human participants of both sexes, different ethnic groups, and those who have health problems besides the one that the drug is designed to treat.

• I
• II

C) III

• IV

7) Phase I clinical trials do NOT involve _.

• testing on the target human population
• testing how the drug is metabolized
• testing how rapidly the drug is removed from the body
• testing the most effective administration of the drug

8) When a scientist performs measurements in an experiment and does not know if the subject is part of the experimental or the control group, it is known as a measurement.

• blind
• qualitative
• null
• statistical 1 / 4

9) A hypothesis is scientific if it .

• supports other hypotheses
• can be tested
• refutes other hypotheses
• uses observational analyses

10) For a theory to be scientific and accepted, it must be based on _.

• reproducible data
• the support of the scientific community
• a proven hypothesis from a well-designed research study
• the word of a professional scientist

11) Negative feedback results in a response that opposes the original deviation from normal.

12) Blood clotting is an example of positive feedback since the action of the effector opposes that of the stimulus.

13) A patient takes a daily thyroid hormone replacement medication to maintain normal thyroid hormone levels.

14) The normal range of blood glucose concentration after fasting is approximately .

• 50 to 80 mg/100 ml
• 50 to 110 mg/100 ml
• 75 to 110 mg/100 ml
• 75 to 150 mg/100 ml

15) The normal range of arterial blood pH is .

A) 6.50–7.50

B) 7.35–7.45

C) 6.95–7.05

D) 7.15–7.25

16) In a feedback loop, the integrating center sends information to the .

• sensor
• effector
• brain region
• thermostat

17) Both and are the regulators of effectors in most feedback loops.

• enzymes, nerve impulses
• hormones, paracrines
• neurotransmitters, enzymes
• hormones, nerve impulses
• enzymes, hormones 2 / 4

18) Homeostatic regulatory mechanisms known as are "built-in" to the organs being regulated.

• intrinsic
• extrinsic
• exothermic
• passive

19) The endocrine and nervous systems are considered homeostatic regulatory mechanisms.

• intrinsic
• active
• extrinsic
• passive

20) When blood glucose levels rise, the pancreatic islets are stimulated to release insulin, which acts on target cells to uptake glucose from the blood. Thus, the islets serve as the in the feedback loop.

• effectors
• integrating center
• sensors
• All of the choices are correct.

21) A decrease in mean arterial pressure is detected by .

• an effector
• an integrating center
• a sensor
• a chemical messenger

22) When a vessel is damaged, chemicals are released from the vessel walls that attract platelets to the site of the damage. As they accumulate, more chemicals that attract more platelets to the area until the bleeding stops. This represents feedback, with the platelets acting as the .

• negative; sensors
• positive; integrating center
• negative; integrating center
• positive; effectors

23) Dynamic constancy is a term used to describe homeostasis. Which of the following is NOT an example of dynamic constancy?

• Sweating or shivering as you move from inside air-conditioned stores to outside on a hot,

humid day

• Administering IV fluids to a person who presents to the emergency room with dehydration
• The pancreas releasing insulin when blood glucose levels are significantly elevated
• Adjusting the depth and rate of breathing if blood pH levels change 3 / 4

24) Estrogen levels cause both increased and decreased hormone secretions from the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus at various points in the menstrual cycle. This indicates that .

• estrogen is secreted in consistent amounts from the ovaries throughout the menstrual cycle
• estrogen is not involved in any feedback loops
• estrogen is involved in both positive and negative feedback with the anterior pituitary and

hypothalamus

• the ovaries serve as the integrating center in a feedback loop with the anterior pituitary and

hypothalamus

25) The control of hormone secretion by its own effects is called .

• positive feedback
• negative feedback
• negative feedback inhibition
• antagonist effector

26) The primary stimulus for insulin secretion is _ .

• increased blood glucose concentrations
• increased blood calcium concentrations
• increased body temperature
• increased exposure to sunlight

27) If blood glucose levels decrease from normal, which of the following changes takes place to bring glucose levels back to normal?

• Increase in insulin; increase in glucagon
• Increase in insulin; decrease in glucagon
• Decrease in insulin; increase in glucagon
• Decrease in insulin; decrease in glucagon

28) Which of the following is NOT a primary tissue of the body?

• Nervous
• Epithelial
• Muscular
• Osseous

29) Contraction of

• cardiac
• smooth
• skeletal
• striated

muscle can be consciously controlled.

30) Intercalated discs couple

• smooth muscle
• myocardial
• skeletal muscle
• both myocardial and skeletal muscle

cells both mechanically and electrically.

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