Chapter 1 – The Foundation of Physiology Page 1
Human Physiology 5th CANADIAN Edition Sherwood Test Bank
- Which of these statements most accurately reflects the study of physiology?
- Stroke volume and heart rate determine cardiac output, which is a measure of the function of the heart.
- The brain is located superior to the spinal cord.
- The major organ of the respiratory system is the lung.
- The digestive tract includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines.
ANSWER: a
- Physiology is most closely related to which other scientific discipline?
- biology b. anatomy
- biochemistry d. chemistry
ANSWER: b
- If someone asks the question, “Why does the stomach secrete digestive juices?” and the response is “Because it is
- teleological b. phenomenological
- mechanistic d. anatomical
stimulated by the nervous system,” what type of explanation does the response represent?
ANSWER: c
- Who was the first Canadian to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1923 for discovering insulin?
- Ralph Steinman b. David H. Hubel
- Charles B. Huggins d. Frederick Banting
ANSWER: d
- Which one of these sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization?
- cell, organ, tissue, system, organism b. cell, tissue, organ, system, organism
- tissue, cell, system, organism, organ d. tissue, cell, organism, system, organ
ANSWER: b
- Which progression represents the hierarchy of organization, from simplest to most complex?
- atom, cell, tissue, organ, system, organism
- tissue, cell, system, organism, organ, body
- system, atom, cell, organ, tissue, organism
- atom, molecule, compound, cell, body, organism
ANSWER: a
- Through which process do cells become more specialized to carry out specific functions?
- division b. differentiation
- maturation d. meiosis
ANSWER: b 1 / 4
Chapter 1 – The Foundation of Physiology Page 2
- Which of the following is NOT a basic cell function that is common to all cells of the body?
- performing chemical reactions of metabolism
- sensing and responding to environmental conditions
- reproducing
- synthesizing proteins
ANSWER: c
- What type of tissue has cells that are specialized to generate force?
- connective b. muscle
- bone d. nervous
ANSWER: b
- What type of tissue has cells that are specialized for sending messages over long distances?
- connective b. muscle
- bone d. nervous
ANSWER: d
- Epithelial tissue is organized into which of the two general types of structures?
- epithelial sheets and secretory glands b. cells and cell walls
- ducts and nuclei d. protective and absorptive
ANSWER: a
- Which of these statements is characteristic of connective tissue?
- It has relatively few cells dispersed within an abundance of extracellular matrix.
- It has no blood vessels.
- It covers various parts of the body.
- It is usually found in the walls of hollow cavities.
ANSWER: a
- Which of the following is a type of connective tissue?
- exocrine glands b. endocrine glands
- blood d. smooth muscle tissue
ANSWER: c
- What are the secretions of endocrine glands called?
- paracrines b. autocrines
- lumens d. hormones
ANSWER: d 2 / 4
Chapter 1 – The Foundation of Physiology Page 3
- Which of the following are two examples of exocrine glands?
- sweat glands and glands that secrete digestive juices
- mammary glands and pancreas
- bladder and kidneys
- thyroid gland and sweat glands
ANSWER: a
- Which of these statements describes endocrine glands?
- They consist of ducts.
- They secrete hormones internally into the blood capillaries.
- They are derived from connective tissue.
- They include the salivary glands.
ANSWER: b
- Which of these statements best describes an organ?
- a collection of cells that collectively carry out a body function
- a group of separate body structures that perform similar function, but come together to carry out activities that
- a structure made up of two or more different types of primary tissue that work together to perform a function
- a structure that the body could not survive without
are vital for survival
for the body
ANSWER: c
- Why do most cells depend on other cells of the body for survival?
- because cells do not contain fluid
- because all cells of the body are physically connected with one another
- because body cells cannot perform all life-sustaining functions on their own
- because most cells of the body do not directly interact with the external environment and therefore need other
cells to provide nutrients and remove wastes
ANSWER: d
- Which of these statements describes the internal environment?
- It consists of intracellular fluid.
- It is in direct contact with the body’s cells and consists of the extracellular fluid.
- It is inside the body but not in direct contact with the body’s cells.
- It is outside the body and keeps the fluid volume in unchanging composition.
ANSWER: b 3 / 4
Chapter 1 – The Foundation of Physiology Page 4
- What type of fluid resides within cells?
- intracellular b. interstitial
- extracellular d. plasma
ANSWER: a
- What type of fluid is the fluid component of blood?
- intracellular b. interstitial
- extracellular d. plasma
ANSWER: d
- What type of fluid is specifically refers to the fluid that is between neighbouring cells?
- intracellular b. interstitial
- extracellular d. plasma
ANSWER: b
- Which of these statements describes extracellular fluid?
- It is the external environment of the body. b. It is the fluid inside each cell.
- It consists of plasma only. d. It consists of plasma and interstitial fluid.
ANSWER: d
- Which of these statements applies to homeostasis?
- It is a fixed state.
- It is only required for certain cells of the body to survive.
- Changes occur, but deviations from a set point are minimized.
- Only factors external to the body are capable of triggering responses designed to maintain homeostasis.
ANSWER: c
- Which of these factors is NOT under homeostatic regulation?
- sweat rate
- body temperature
- levels of waste products in the body
- levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
ANSWER: a
- Which of these statements applies to the integumentary system?
- It eliminates unwanted substances from the body to the external environment.
- It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and lungs in the pulmonary cavity.
- It is important for protection of the body and also participates in temperature regulation.
- It is responsible for taking up required essential nutrients for the body.
ANSWER: c
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