SAITACPpharmacology Antiemeticdrugs(4)-ANS-Ondasteron Dimenhydrinate Metoclopramide Diphenhydramine Metoclopramide(Maxeran)classification(2)-ANS-Antiemetic modifierofupperGItractmotility Metoclopramide(Maxeran)Actions(5)-ANS-increasespressureinloweresophagealsphincter increasingperistalticmovementsintheesophagus,stomach,andsmallintestine increasesgastricemptying relievesN/V Antagonizescentralandperipheraldopaminereceptors,raisingthethresholdofactivityinthe chemoreceptorzone-antiemeticeffects Usedtocounteractthegastricstatesandnauseaassociatedwithmigraine Metoclopramide(Maxeran)Indications-ANS-N/V Headachesuggestiveofbeingvascularinorigin(migraine) Metoclopramide(Maxeran)Contraindications(5)-ANS-Hypersensitivity GIobstruction GIbleed Seizuredisorder Concurrentusewithotheragentslikelytoincreaseextrapyramidalreactions Metoclopramide(Maxeran)N/Vdose(3)-ANS-10mgdilutedin50mLNSandinfuseover5 (five)minsNOREPEAT or10mgIMNOREPEAT 1 / 3
(10mgIM/IVq8-12hrs,prn)* Metoclopramide(Maxeran)HAdose(2)-ANS-10mgdiltuedin50mLNSandinfuseover15 (fifteen)minsNOREPEAT or10mgIMNOREPEAT
Metoclopramide(Maxeran)pharmacokinetics-ANS-Halflife:3-5hrs
Metoclopramide(Maxeran)Considerations(4)-ANS-Maxerancancauseextrapyramidal
symptomsifadministeredtoquickly:
A)Dyskinesia-repetitive,involuntarybody/facialmovements B)Akathisia-extremeformofrestlessness C)Dystonia-verystrongmusclecontractions UsewithcautioninptswithHTN,depression,parkinson's,elders(riskofdyskinesia),breastCA Metoclopramide(Maxeran)Adverseeffects(4)-ANS-Drowsiness dizziness seizures tachydysrhythmias Dimenhydrinate(Gravol)Classification(2)-ANS-Antiemetic Antihistamine Dimenhydrinate(Gravol)Actions(4)-ANS-Depressantactiononhyperstimulatedlabyrinthine functionsanddiminishesvestibularfunction Sedativeeffectsduetoinhibitionofhistamineandblockadeofcentralhistaminergicreceptors centralinhibitionofacetylcholine H1receptorantagonist Dimenhydrinate(Gravol)Indications(5)-ANS-PreventionandtreatmentofN/Vassociatedwith: motionsickness radiationsickness Meniere'sdisease 2 / 3
Labryinthinedisturbances Post-operativevomiting Dimenhydrinate(Gravol)Contraindications(3)-ANS-Knownhypersensitivityto dimenhydramineanddimenhydrinate Narrowangleglaucoma ETOH Dimenhydrinate(Gravol)N/VDose(2)-ANS-50mgSIVP/IMq4hrs
>65:25mgSIVP/IMq15mins,max50mg
(50-100mgIV/IMq4-6hrsprn,max400mg/day)* Dimenhydrinate(Gravol)Pharmacokinetics(3)-ANS-POonset15-30mins IVonsetimmediate Bothlast3-6hrs Dimenhydrinate(Gravol)considerations(5)-ANS-5mg/mLover2-4mins Geriatricsmaybemoresensitive Tendstoirritateveinonadministration Cancauseseizures Notrecommendedinneonates Dimenhydrinate(Gravol)Adverseeffects(3)-ANS-Drowsiness sedativeeffect drymouth/throat Ondasteron(Zofran)Classification-ANS-Antiemetic Ondasteron(Zofran)Actions(2)-ANS-Isan5-HT3receptorantagonist Antiemeticeffectschieflyderivefromablockadeofserotoninvagalafferentnerveendingsinthe GItractwithsomeminorantagonismofmedullaryreceptors
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