INP 2- Midterm review Questions with

INP 2- Midterm review Questions with Complete Solutions Signs and symptoms of heat stroke - Correct Answers ✅- confusion,

• delirium,
• excess thirst,
• nausea,
• muscle cramps,
• visual disturbances,
• giddiness,
• and incontinence.
• The most important sign is hot, dry skin.*
• do not sweat because of severe electrolyte loss and

hypothalamic malfunction.

• Vital signs reveal a body temperature as high as 45°C,
• increase in heart rate and lowering of blood pressure.
• If the condition progresses, the person becomes

unconscious with fixed, unreactive pupils.*- Permanent neurological damage occurs unless cooling measures are rapidly started.* 1 / 4

INP 2- Midterm review Questions with Complete Solutions Signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion - Correct Answers ✅*profuse diaphoresis results in excess water and electrolyte loss.*

• fluid volume deficit

Physical examination:*

• postural hypotension,
• tachycardia,
• dry mucous membranes,
• poor skin turgor,
• thirst confusion,
• rapid weight loss,
• slow vein filling,
• flat neck veins,
• lethargy,
• oliguria (<30 mL/hr),
• weak pulse

*Laboratory findings*:

• urine specific gravity >1.030,
• increased hematocrit level >50%,
• and increased BUN level >7.1 mmol/L 2 / 4

INP 2- Midterm review Questions with Complete Solutions

Fluid Volume Deficit: Water and Electrolytes Lost in Equal or

Isotonic Proportions - Correct Answers ✅- Isotonic Imbalance

• GI losses such as diarrhea, vomiting, or drainage from

fistulas or tubes

• Loss of plasma or whole blood, such as burns or hemorrhage
• Excessive perspiration
• Fever
• Decreased oral intake of fluids
• Confusion or depression
• Use of diuretics

how do we treat heat exhaustion? - Correct Answers ✅transporting the client to a cooler environment and restoring fluid and electrolyte balance. 3 / 4

INP 2- Midterm review Questions with Complete Solutions Circadian rythm - Correct Answers ✅*- Body temperature normally changes 0.5°C to 1°C during a 24-hour period* -During the day, body temperature rises steadily, until a maximum temperature value at about 1800 hours, and then declines to early morning levels

• the temperature is usually lowest between 0100 and 0400

hours

• It takes 1 to 3 weeks for temperature patterns to reverse in

people who work at night and sleep during the day *- In general, the circadian temperature rhythm does not change with age.* temperature Circadian rythm- what vital signs are involved? - Correct Answers ✅the three most commonly monitored vital signs

are:

• blood pressure (systolic and diastolic),
• heart rate,
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