Kper 1200 Exam Review
WHO principles of health promotion - CORRECT ANSWER -• Empowerment and
inclusion: empower individuals and communities
• Intersectoral collaboration: health programs should be directed at relevant
determinants or causes of health
• Multidimensional: should use all tools possible
• Participatory: strive to be inclusive to maximize participation
• Advocacy: people with interest is health should take responsibility for health promotion
Physical activity and public health - CORRECT ANSWER -is a field of study that looks at the health effects and risks of physical activity and ways to help people become active and maintain a healthy level of activity throughout their lives
What is a chronic disease? - CORRECT ANSWER -Conditions and illnesses that occur or develop over relatively long period of time, are prolonged may be preventable but are rarely completely cured
What is Infectious disease? - CORRECT ANSWER -Illnesses or conditions that are caused by pathogens such as viruses, bacteria and fungi. Most infectious diseases can be cured or treated or controlled with medicines, vaccines or other measures.
Public Health - CORRECT ANSWER -a multidisciplinary field that aims to promote health and prevent disease in specific populations and communities
- Pillars of Public Health: - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Epidemiology and disease control:
The study of distributions and determinants of disability and disease in populations Distributions-Where are they located?Determinants- What causes specific diseases/disabilities?
2. Environmental Health: The study of how our environment influences our health
- Health Promotion and Education: How can we enhance the health of the population
- Health Administration and Policy: Delivery of health services (by laws, rules,
- Biostatistics: Analysis of health data: Focus on statistic towards biology
regulations designed to promote health)
Communicable disease: - CORRECT ANSWER -Infectious disease, disease caused by
pathogens such as viruses/bacteria
Our Design - CORRECT ANSWER -Humans have evolved to be physically active. The human body responds well to the physical demands of PA. The human body does not 1 / 4
respond well to being sedentary. Our very survival has depended on physical activity for most of our existence
Selective pressures - CORRECT ANSWER -Environmental factor that affects the reproduction capabilities of a species
Environmental mismatch - CORRECT ANSWER -The selective pressures that favoured a capacity for physical activity are no longer present. We have designed our environment to minimize physical activity
Non-communicable disease: - CORRECT ANSWER -Chronic disease, diseases that
develop over a long period of time like diabetes, cancer and heart disease
Top 10 Causes of death in 2013: - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Cancer
- Heart disease
- Stroke
- Chronic, lower respiratory diseases
- Accidents
- Diabetes
- Influenza and pneumonia
- Alzheimer's
- Self harm
- Kidney disease
Public Health - CORRECT ANSWER -encompasses many disciplines in effort to promote and protect health and prevent disease and disability in defined populations and communities
medicine - CORRECT ANSWER -Medicine is more interested in treatment of and cures for diseases and disabilities in individuals
Epidemiology - CORRECT ANSWER -he study of distribution and determinants of disease and disability in populations
Environmental - CORRECT ANSWER -all that is external to the host organism
Health and promotion - CORRECT ANSWER -how do we deal with health threats
Health administration and policy - CORRECT ANSWER -Focuses on the delivery of public health services
Biostatistics - CORRECT ANSWER -relies on both qualitative and quantitative methods to move from knowledge to action
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Public Health Surveillance: - CORRECT ANSWER -Ongoing systematic collection
analysis, and interpretation of data essential to planning, implementation, and evaluation of the public health practice. Surveillance is critical to public health function because it helps us understand the extent of a health problem and the types of people and populations that may be at higher risk of that health problem.
Community Interventions: - CORRECT ANSWER -seek small but important changes
that relate to the majority of the population within an identified community The science behind interventions is established during projects called efficacy trials.
efficacy trials - CORRECT ANSWER -studies that are used to establish that a certain intervention or public health program can change a certain condition
Physical Activity - CORRECT ANSWER -Any bodily movement that results in energy expenditure
Exercise - CORRECT ANSWER -Specific type of physical activity that is planned, repetitive and done for a specific purpose (Improving health and fitness)
Physical Fitness - CORRECT ANSWER -No agreed upon definition. Textbook definition: A set of measurable physiological parameters. There are a lot of parameters
Health related fitness - CORRECT ANSWER -Aerobic capacity, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, body composition
Skill related fitness - CORRECT ANSWER -Balance, Agility, coordination, Power, Speed
Health - CORRECT ANSWER -Definition established in 1948: "A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." Earlier definitions focused on physical well-being and the absence of disease
Psychological Well-Being - CORRECT ANSWER -Optimal psychological functioning and experience
Two approaches to psychological well being - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Hedonic Well-
Being: Pleasure, happiness and satisfaction
- Eudaimonic Well-being: Fulfilling one's true potential, flourishing, living according to
one's values
Hedonic well-being - CORRECT ANSWER -Pleasure, happiness and satisfaction
Eudaimonic well-being - CORRECT ANSWER -Fulfilling one's true potential, flourishing, living according to one's values
Physical Activity - CORRECT ANSWER -Any bodily movement that results in energy expenditure 3 / 4
exercise - CORRECT ANSWER -A specific type of physical activity that is planned, repetitive and done for a specific purpose
Physical Fitness - CORRECT ANSWER -A set of measurable physiological parameters
Skill related fitness - CORRECT ANSWER -most important for successful movement and sport participation. More likely to be determined by genes than training or exercise
Kinesiology - CORRECT ANSWER -addresses the interrelationship of physiological processes and the anatomy of the body with respect to movement
Traditional exercise model - CORRECT ANSWER -• Individual characteristics: health status and genetics • Indicators: exercise physiology, movement sciences, sport and exercise physiology
• Exercise prescription: training program
• Outcomes: maximum performance and high physical fitness or low performance and low physical fitness
Accelerometers - CORRECT ANSWER -Detects acceleration from limbs, used to be cumbersome, but technology is improving, can over estimate movement
Pedometers - CORRECT ANSWER -Connects to waist or shoe, counts number of steps based on stride length, very inexpensive, but can be unreliable
Self report questionnaires - CORRECT ANSWER -This is the most popular way of assessing PA, easy to administer, can measure PA levels in many people
Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire - CORRECT ANSWER -Questionnaire that measures your physical activity levels based on numbers
Primary Problem with self report questionnaires - CORRECT ANSWER -Many people may not be accurate in reporting PA. People can be inaccurate by forgetting about PA or not understanding the different intensities or straight up being dishonest and careless
- domains of physical literacy - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Motivation and Confidence
- Physical Competence
- Knowledge and Understanding
- Engagement in Physical Activities/Behaviour
Motivation and Confidence - CORRECT ANSWER -Refers to an individual's enthusiasm for, enjoyment of and self assurance in adopting physical activity as an integral part of life
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