LETRS Unit 1: The Challenge of Learning to Read

LETRS Unit 1: The Challenge of Learning to Read

According to results from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), which of the following is true?

• Every state is about the same, on average.
• Approximately 50 percent of fourth-graders are "proficient" or "advanced."
• There is a steady increase in reading scores across all groups.
• Gaps persist between certain subgroups of students. - Correct Answer Gaps persist between certain

subgroups of students.Reading comprehension is not a single construct. Rather, the ability to understand what you read relies on multiple components. Once readers become more skilled in word recognition, which of the following components increase in their importance?

• spelling and phonemic awareness
• orthographic knowledge and background knowledge
• cognates and syllable awareness
• background knowledge and vocabulary - Correct Answer background knowledge and vocabulary

Which statement most accurately describes how the human brain has evolved to process spoken and written language?

• Our brains have evolved to process spoken language much more easily than alphabetic writing.
• Our brains have evolved to process spoken and written language equally well.
• Our brains process spoken language and pictorial writing equally well, but have not evolved to process

alphabetic writing.

• Our brains process spoken language extremely well, and we process alphabetic writing surprisingly

well given that it is a relatively recent achievement. - Correct Answer Our brains have evolved to process spoken language much more easily than alphabetic writing.What characteristic makes English a "deep" alphabetic orthography? 1 / 2

• Its spelling system is entirely phonetic.
• Its spelling system shares many word roots with other languages.
• Its spelling system represents meaningful parts (morphemes) as well as sounds.
• Its spelling patterns have not been completely stable over time. - Correct Answer Its spelling system

represents meaningful parts (morphemes) as well as sounds.According to the Simple View of Reading model, which is more important to reading comprehension— word recognition or language comprehension?

• Word recognition is much more important.
• Language comprehension is much more important.
• Word recognition is slightly more important.
• Both are equally important. - Correct Answer Both are equally important.

Which statement best describes the relative importance of oral reading fluency and verbal comprehension as factors in reading comprehension?

• As children get older, verbal comprehension becomes more important than oral reading fluency.
• Oral reading fluency and verbal comprehension are equally important throughout childhood and

adolescence.

• As children get older, verbal comprehension matters less, and oral reading fluency becomes more

important.

• Although oral reading fluency and verbal comprehension are both important, a child with problems in

one domain can usually use the other domain to compensate. - Correct Answer As children get older, verbal comprehension becomes more important than oral reading fluency.Which of these is an example of morphology?

• We use polite phrases like excuse me and thank you when addressing someone of higher social status.
• We recognize that the nonsense word hufflelumps could be a real word in English, but ngapkez could

not.

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