MARYVILLE NURS660 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 3 2024
Neurotransmitters Involved in Wakefulness - correct answer✔✔ Histamine, dopamine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and serotonin Neurotransmitters Involved in Sleep/Wake Switch - correct answer✔✔ Histamine from the TMN GABA from the VLPO A-beta fibers - correct answer✔✔ Detect small movements, light touch, hair movement, and vibrations (Non-noxious) C fibers - correct answer✔✔ Bare nerve endings only stimulated by noxious mechanical, thermal, or chemical stimuli C=chemical A delta fibers - correct answer✔✔ Senses noxious mechanical stimuli and subnoxious thermal stimuli Peripheral Neuropathy pain - correct answer✔✔ Damage to/dysfunction of peripheral nervous system.Responds to peripherally and centrally acting drugs, NSAIDs and opioids.
Ex: diabetic neuropathy, post herpetic neuralgia
Pathophysiology of chronic pain - correct answer✔✔ Chronic pain results from changes in sensitivity in both ascending and descending (PGA, RVM, DLPT) pathways. 1 / 2
Can lead to grey matter loss and central sensitization.Can be inflammatory or degenerative in nature.Peripheral, can become centralized, or mixture of both.Medications for falling asleep - correct answer✔✔ Need medications with short half life Ramelteon Roserem Sonata (middle insomnia, need 4 hours to dedicate) Medications for staying asleep - correct answer✔✔ Zolpidem ER, temazepam, belsomra, eszopiclone (lunesta) Areas of brain involved in anxiety - correct answer✔✔ Amygdala, periaquductal grey, hippocampus Areas of brain involved in sleep - correct answer✔✔ Pituitary gland, pineal gland (melatonin),
Two types of anxiety - correct answer✔✔ Amgdala-centered circuit:
-Fear -Panic -phobia -Gi symptoms, fight or flight -CV symptoms, -Peribrachial- respiratory
CSTC-centered circuit:
-Worry/obsession loop -anxious misery -apprehension
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