MCAT 2023 Solved Papers - Questions with Complete Solutions Phase Diagram - Correct Answers ✅a graph showing the conditions at which a substance exists as a solid, liquid, or vapor a line separates the regions that correspond to the solid and liquid phases. For most substances, since the solid phase is denser than the liquid, this line has a positive slope. This indicates that it is possible to convert the liquid substance into solid by increasing pressure. Since the opposite is true for water, however, the line between these regions has a negative - or downward-tilting - slope. This hallmark is one easy way to distinguish the phase diagram of water from that of most other compounds.social facilitation - Correct Answers ✅stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others bystander effect - Correct Answers ✅the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present bystander effect factors - Correct Answers ✅individuals do not intervene to help victims when others are present -less likely to notice danger in crowds -take cues from others -degree of responsibility is decreased 1 / 4
MCAT 2023 Solved Papers - Questions with Complete Solutions -cohesiveness of group Deindividuation - Correct Answers ✅when an individual seems to lose himself or herself in the group's identity social loafing - Correct Answers ✅the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable group polarization - Correct Answers ✅the enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group. doesn't have to be irrational.normative social influence - Correct Answers ✅behavior that is motivated by the desire to gain social acceptance and approval informational social influence - Correct Answers ✅influence resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality Groupthink - Correct Answers ✅the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. leads to irrational decisions by a group. 2 / 4
MCAT 2023 Solved Papers - Questions with Complete Solutions characteristics of group think - Correct Answers ✅invulnerability, rationalization, lack of introspection, stereotyping, pressure, lack of disagreement, self-deception, insularity Irving Janis and groupthink - Correct Answers ✅members of a group are so driven to reach unanimous decisions that they no longer truly evaluate the consequences of their decisions occurs when the groups making decision are isolated and homogeneous, there is a lack of impartial leadership inside or outside the gorup, when there is a high level of pressure for a decision to be made Conformity - Correct Answers ✅when someone's behavior, beliefs, or thinking changes to line up with the perspective of others compliance - Correct Answers ✅when the person conforms but internally dissents Conversion - Correct Answers ✅genuine change in someone's beliefs 3 / 4
MCAT 2023 Solved Papers - Questions with Complete Solutions Asch Experiment - Correct Answers ✅experimented how people would rather conform than state their own individual answer even though they know the group's answer is wrong, length of lines compliance (requests) - Correct Answers ✅responses to requests from someone with no power to enforce that request.foot-in-the-door technique - Correct Answers ✅asking for a small commitment and, after gaining compliance, asking for a bigger commitment door-in-the-face technique - Correct Answers ✅asking for a large commitment and being refused and then asking for a smaller commitment low-ball technique - Correct Answers ✅persuasive technique in which the seller of a product starts by quoting a low sales price and then mentions all of the add-on costs once the customer has agreed to purchase the product obidience - Correct Answers ✅changing one's behavior at the command of an authority figure Milgram Experiment - Correct Answers ✅an experiment devised in 1961 by Stanley Milgram, a psychologist at Yale
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