NUR 2356 Multidimensional Care I / MDC 1 Exam 1 Focus Study Guide -
FILLED
- Causes of Hypovolemia? Profuse diaphoresis vomiting elevated temperature
excessive blood loss
- Characteristics of normal and benign tumor cells- each cell has a specific
morphology the cell nucleus is relatively small in comparison to the rest of the cell size and has differentiated function, tight adherence which allows the cells to bind closely together
- Education on chemo- what role does DNA play?- interrupt the cellular division
and damage the DNA
- What does malignancy mean? How would you explain this to a patient/family
member? Abnormal cell growth without cell regulation and the tissue has no purpose.
- How would you explain internal & external radiation exposure/treatment? What
education you would give the patient/family to take? S/E to consider? Internal radiation is when radiation is placed in the body by a solid or liquid form. External radiation is a site specific to the area of cancer. Treatment is administered via an external machine. External radiation requires the site to marked to match the site of the area with cancer.
- Fluid considerations for a heart and/or renal failure patient? Low sodium diet 1 / 2
- Normal/values for electrolytes potassium- 3.5-5, sodium- 135-145, calcium-9.0-10.5,
magnesium-1.8-2.6
- S/S Hypo & hyper conditions associated with the imbalances? Hypernatremia-
dehydration, decrease water intake, excessive water loss, diabetes insipidus.Hyponatremia- excessive water intake, siadh, increase antidiuretic hormone, profuse diaphoresis, fluid volume depletion. Hyperkalemia- renal failure, medications- diuretics, potassium supplements, sterioids, ace inhibitors, burns, trauma, rhabdomyolysis, metabolic acidosis, ketoacidosis. Hypokalemia- dka, aki, meds- diauretics betablockers laxitives, Fluid volume depletion mag insuffiency, cushings disease. Hypercalcemia- addisons disease, pagets disease, excess calcium intake, hyperthyroidism, sarcoidosis, meds- lithium, tamoxifen, thiazide diuretics. Hypocalcemia-hypothyroidism, pancreatitis, sepsis, liver disease, renal failure, hyperphosphatemia, vitamin d deficiency, magnesium defiency.Hypermagnesmia- dehydration, addisons disease, hyperparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, kidney failure, acidosis. Hypomagnesemia-IBS, alcoholism, hypoparathyroidism, malnutrition, kidney disease, pancreatitis
- What is furosemide/Lasix? What is its purpose? Patient education? Any specific s/s
to look out for? A diuretic which pulls fluid from the cells to excrete out the body such as urination. Education- fall risk patient. Rise slowly from the bed, monitor daily weights, fluid restriction. Personal dietary preferences
- Decreasing infection risk in patients with cancer? Nursing
interventions/considerations? – sharing medical equipment, allowing multiple visitors/ staff members in a pt room, fresh flowers/plants, cluster care.
- How do you convert kg into lbs and lbs into kg? kg-lbs you multiply, lbs to kg you
divide
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