Med Surg Final HESI Questions with Complete Solutions 2023/2024 A client with a productive cough has obtained a sputum specimen for culture as instructed. What is the best initial nursing action?
- Administer the first dose of antibiotic therapy
- Observe the color, consistency, and amount of sputum
- Encourage the client to consume plenty of warm liquids
- Send the specimen to the lab for analysis - Correct Answer B. Observe the color,
- Breath sounds over bilateral lung fields.
- Carotid pulsation during compressions
- Deep tendon reflexes
- Core body temperature - Correct Answer A. Breath sounds over bilateral lung fields.
- Reorient client to his room
- Place a patch on one eye
- Evaluate client's ability to swallow
- Perform range of motion exercises - Correct Answer A. Reorient client to his room
- What time did he take his last medications?
- Has his weight changed in the last several days?
- Is he still able to tighten his belt buckle?
- How many hours did he sleep last night? - Correct Answer B. Has his weight
consistency, and amount of sputum A client is brought to the ED by ambulance in cardiac arrest with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in progress. The client is intubated and is receiving 100% oxygen per self-inflating (ambu) bag. The nurse determines that the client is cyanotic, cold, and diaphoretic. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain?
After a hospitalization for Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH), a client develops pontine myselinolysis. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
A male client with heart failure (HF) calls the clinic and reports that he cannot put his shoes on because they are too tight. Which additional information should the nurse obtain?
changed in the last several days?An older adult woman with a long history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with progressive shortness of breath and a persistent cough. She is anxious and is complaining of a dry mouth. Which intervention should the nurse implement? 1 / 3
- Administer a prescribed sedative
- Encourage client to drink water
- Apply a high-flow venturi mask
- Assist her to an upright position - Correct Answer D. Assist her to an upright position
- Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions
- Avoid crowded enclosed areas to reduce pathogen exposure
- Call the clinic if undesirable side effects of mediations occur
- Teach anxiety reduction methods for feelings of suffocation - Correct Answer A.
- Blood supply to the heart is diminished by artherosclerotic lesions, which necessitate
- Blood vessels supplying the pumping chamber have blockages indicating a past
- Three main arteries have major blockages, with only 1 to 5% of blood flow getting
- The heart is not receiving enough blood, so there is a risk of heart failure and fluid
- Sleep without pillows at night to maintain neck alignment.
- Adjust food intake to three full meals per day and no snacks.
- Minimize symptoms by wearing loose, comfortable clothing
- Avoid participation in any aerobic exercise programs - Correct Answer C. Minimize
A client with a history of asthma and bronchitis arrives at the clinic with shortness of breath, productive cough with thickened tenacious mucous, and the inability to walk up a flight of stairs without experiencing breathlessness. Which action is most important for the nurse to instruct the client about self-care?
Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions A cardiac catherterization of a client with heart disease indicates the following blockages: 95% proximal left anterior descending (LAD), 99% proximal circumflex, and ? % proximal right coronary artery (RCA). The client later asks the nurse "what does all this mean for me?" What information should the nurse provide?
lifestyle changes.
heart attack.
through to the heart muscle.
retention. - Correct Answer C. Three main arteries have major blockages, with only 1 to 5% of blood flow getting through to the heart muscle.A client who weighs 175 pounds is receiving IV bolus dose of heparin 80 units/kg. The heparin is available in a 2 ml vial, labeled 10,000 units/ml. How many ml should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.) - Correct Answer 0.6 ml What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan of a client diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
symptoms by wearing loose, comfortable clothing 2 / 3
The nurse is caring for a client with a lower left lobe pulmonary abscess. Which position should the nurse instruct the client to maintain?
- left lateral
- Supine, knees flexed
- Dorsal recumbent
- Knee-chest - Correct Answer A. left lateral
- Belching
- Amber urine
- Yellow sclera
- Flatulence - Correct Answer C. Yellow sclera
- Inappropriate laughter
- Increasing anxiety
- Weakened cough effort
- Asymmetrical weakness - Correct Answer C. Weakened cough effort
- Grafting increases the risk for bacterial infections
- The xenograft is taken from nonhuman sources
- Grafts are later removed by a debriding procedure
- As the burn heals, the graft permanently attaches - Correct Answer B. The xenograft
- Bring additional sterile dressing supplies to the room
- Prepare the client to return to the operating room
- Obtain a sample of the drainage to send to the lab
- Auscultate the abdomen for bowel sound activity - Correct Answer B. Prepare the
- / 3
A client with cholelithiasis has a gallstone lodged in the common bile duct and is unable to eat or drink without becoming nauseated and vomiting. Which finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider.
While caring for a client with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), the nurse performs a neurological assessment every four hours. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
The nurse is providing preoperative education for a Jewish client scheduled to receive a xenograft graft to promote burn healing. Which information should the nurse provide this client?
is taken from nonhuman sources A male client who had colon surgery 3 days ago is anxious and requesting assistance to reposition. While the nurse is turning him, the wound dehiscences and eviscerates. The nurse moistens an available sterile dressing and places it over the wound. What intervention should the nurse implement next?
client to return to the operating room