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MED SURG HESI EXAM NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK| 3 LATEST VERSIONS (V1, V2 AND V3)
WITH 650 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES) ALREADY GRADED A +| HESI MED
SURG EXAM 2025 (BRAND NEW!!)
A 45-year-old man with asthma is brought to the emergency department by automobile. He is short of breath and appears frightened. During the initial nursing assessment, which of the following clinical manifestations might be present as an early symptom during an exacerbation of asthma?
- Anxiety
- Cyanosis
- Hypercapnia
- Bradycardia - Correct Answer - A. Anxiety An early symptom during
an asthma attack is anxiety because he is acutely aware of the inability to get sufficient air to breathe. He will be hypoxic early on with decreased PaCO2 and increased pH as he is hyperventilating.
The nurse is assigned to care for a patient who has anxiety and an exacerbation of asthma. Which of the following is the primary reason for the nurse to carefully inspect the chest wall of this patient?
- Observe for signs of diaphoresis
- Allow time to calm the patient
- Monitor the patient for bilateral chest expansion
- Evaluate the use of intercostal muscles - Correct Answer - D. 1 / 4
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pg. 2 Evaluate the use of intercostal muscles The nurse physically inspects the chest wall to evaluate the use of intercostal (accessory) muscles, which gives an indication of the degree of respiratory distress experienced by the patient.
Which of the following positions is most appropriate for the nurse to place a patient experiencing an asthma exacerbation?
- Supine
- Lithotomy
- High-Fowler's
- Reverse Trendelenburg - Correct Answer - C. High-Fowler'sThe
patient experiencing an asthma attack should be placed in high-Fowler's position to allow for optimal chest expansion and enlist the aid of gravity during inspiration.
The nurse is caring for a patient with an acute exacerbation of asthma.Following initial treatment, which of the following findings indicates to the nurse that the patient's respiratory status is improving?
- Wheezing becomes louder
- Vesicular breath sounds decrease
- Aerosol bronchodilators stimulate coughing
- The cough remains nonproductive - Correct Answer - A. Wheezing
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becomes louder The primary problem during an exacerbation of asthma is narrowing of the airway and subsequent diminished air exchange. As the airways begin to dilate, wheezing gets louder because of better air exchange.
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pg. 3 The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis of activity intolerance for a patient with asthma. The nurse assesses for which of the following etiologic factor for this nursing diagnosis in patients with asthma?
- Anxiety and restlessness
- Effects of medications
- Fear of suffocation
- Work of breathing - Correct Answer - D. Work of breathing When the
patient does not have sufficient gas exchange to engage in activity, the etiologic factor is often the work of breathing. When patients with asthma do not have effective respirations, they use all available energy to breathe and have little left over for purposeful activity.
The nurse is assigned to care for a patient in the emergency department admitted with an exacerbation of asthma. The patient has received a β- adrenergic bronchodilator and supplemental oxygen. If the patient's condition does not improve, the nurse should anticipate which of the following is likely to be the next step in treatment?
- Pulmonary function testing
- Systemic corticosteroids
- Biofeedback therapy
- Intravenous fluids - Correct Answer - B. Systemic corticosteroids
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Systemic corticosteroids speed the resolution of asthma exacerbations and are indicated if the initial response to the β-adrenergic bronchodilator is insufficient.
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pg. 4 A patient with acute exacerbation of COPD needs to receive precise amounts of oxygen. Which of the following types of equipment should the nurse prepare to use?
- Venturi mask
- Partial non-rebreather mask
- Oxygen tent
- Nasal cannula - Correct Answer - A. Venturi mask The Venturi mask
delivers precise concentrations of oxygen and should be selected whenever this is a priority concern. The other methods are less precise in terms of amount of oxygen delivered.
Which of the following test results identify that a patient with an asthma attack is responding to treatment?
- A decreased exhaled nitric oxide
- An increase in CO2 levels
- A decrease in white blood cell count
- An increase in serum bicarbonate levels - Correct Answer - A. A
decreased exhaled nitric oxide. Nitric oxide levels are increased in the breath of people with asthma. A decrease in the exhaled nitric oxide concentration suggests that the treatment may be decreasing the lung inflammation associated with asthma.
The nurse determines that the patient is not experiencing adverse effects of albuterol (Proventil) after noting which of the following patient vital signs?
- Oxygen saturation 96%
- Respiratory rate of 18
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